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OFFICE LOUIS, MISSOURI ARMS COMPANY OGDEN, Nationale Attention: E£. dtarmes Herstal-Les-Liege Beigium % Mattlet, de 1953 10, April Fabrique UTAH Guerre Chef de Service Gentlemens: Aceording to our instructions, you properly send your Actual Browning Arms Company in St. Louis, Missouri. made are however, dated payments instructions. your lettera For 3. April until St. Our 1953 26, February Louis this I hope the attached apologetic. payment of this date comply with If a it copy will of following aot any address: a/o to Bigelow St. our Browning Browning Arms 719 Firat Security Ogden, Utah Your Thank invoices you for should your continus to March end office I am, of I failed 16, course, to 19535 Company Bank be to Building sent te St. Louis. attention. Cordially, M. Bigelow Browning Vice President & Sales John Browning (Ogden Val Browning (Liege) Regular Mail your letters having follow not embarrassed directly office did transmit appreciate should Louis the bearing the dates of 1953, and March 24, 1953, copies of transmittal your wishes, you, inconvenience letters M. a Ogden. to the St. Louis office letters 1953, March 13, 1953, Mareh 21, Despite your February 25, my in office my by up invoices to payments, me and on you at our send tne MEMORANDUM FOR MR. VAL A. BROWNING RE: BELGIUM TAX TREATY-EFFECTIVE JANUARY 1, 1953 The following is quoted from the summary of the Treaty as presented in the Current Commerce Clearing Reporter: Belgium Tax House Tax A supplementary income tax convention between Belgium the United States was signed at Washington on September 9, This convention modifies and supplements the convention of October 28, prevention The 1948 of for income the avoidance of double convention, by its tax supplementary evasion. an integral part of the 1948 convention. Department Release No. 487, September 9, taxation terms, is and 1952. and the regarded as As announced in State 1953, exchange of ratifications occurred on September 9, 1953, and, therefore, under the terms of Article XXIII both conventions are effective for taxable years beginning on or after January 1, 1953. In the remains law ARTICLE I: Taxes are covered. and the absence of in effect. specific Covered.--Only For personal Belgium, the the complementary treaty Federal income tax, provisions, income taxes, with all taxes United States for the additions, are the national U. 8S. crisis tax, included. ARTICLE II: in Treaty Europe. well, place terms defined.--Belgium means the Kingdom of A permanent establishment means a branch, factory, plantation, workshop, warehouse, installation, or of business. habitually exercises An agency general is not authority included to unless negotiate the and Belgium mine, other agent oil fixed conclude Dealings or has control over a stock of merchandise. contracts, do not broker or carried on through a bona fide commission agent corpsubsidiary a Nor is give rise to a permanent establishment. oration necessarily deemed to be a permanent establishment of its parent. Tndustrial and commercial profits do not include income from loans, deposits, securities, real property, mortgages, public funds, rentals or royalties arising from leasing © dividends, current accounts, personal property or from interest in such property, profit or loss from sale or exchange of capital assets, and compensation for labor or personal services. ARTICLES III, IV, AND V: Permanent establishments in treaty country: Intercorporate relationship.--Industrial and commercial profits are mutually exempt from taxation, except in respect of an enterprise engaging ina trade or business in the treaty country through a permanent establishment situated therein. An establishment maintained in the treaty country to purchase merchandise for an enterprise in the other country is exempt from taxation in the treaty country. The net industrial and commercial profits may be allocated to a permanent establishment in the treaty country in their entirety or in the amount it might expect to derive if it were an independent enterprise. In the absence of an accounting, such methods or formulae as are fair and reasonable may be applied to the operations of the establishment to determine its net industrial and commercial profit. Profts may be allocated to an enterprise of one of the treaty countries where, by reason of its participation in the management or financial structure of an enterprise of the from other those reasonably deductions. treaty which country, would allocable to be made the conditions with an permanent are imposed which independent establishment differ enterprise. are allowed «ll as expenses ARTICLE VI: Se Income from real property.--Income of whatever nature derived from real property is taxable only in the treaty country where ‘This does not include income from mortgages or bonds situated. Income from real property, however, secured by real property. includes gains from the sale of real property. ARTICLE VII: Income derived from operation of ships or aircraft.--Earnings derived from the operation of ships and aircraft by enterprises of one of the countries exempt from tax article applies from dividends. ARTICLE documented or registered in that country in the other country on a reciprocal basis. only to business income, and not to profits are This arising VIII: Exemption from Reduction of United States tax on dividends: on dividends tax States United of rate taxes.--The certain Belgian or corpo~ resident a by States United the within derived from sources ration or other taxable entity of Belgium, not having a permanent establishment in the United States, will not exceed 15 per cent. On the other hand, Belgium exempts dividends derived from sources within Belgium from its personal complementary tax or surtax or any tax similar to the United States withholding tax on dividends in the case of nonresident aliens or foreign corporations. ARTICLE VIII A: Reciprocal reduction of tax on interest from bonds, notes, or other form of indebtedness.--On a reciprocal basis, debentures, the rate of tax on certain interest derived from sources within one of the countries by a resident or corporation or other entity Page 3 of the other country not having a permanent establishment in the This provision would taxing country is reduced to 15 per cent. or any other form debentures, notes, apply to interest on bonds, of indebtedness. ARTICLE IX: etc., right, property real royalties.--Natural taxable are aliens Nonresident situated. only in country residents are who property: where of rentals and royalties resource the : real from Rentals royalties: resource Natural Copy- property the may Belgium from is elect to be subject to United States tax in respect of such royalties and rentals upon the basis of net income from sources within the United i. e., income from a trade or business having a permanent States, establishment in the United States. The principle of exemption at source and taxation at residence applies with respect to royalties for the right to use copyrights, trademarks, and analogous secret processes and formulae, patents, rights, providing the taxpayer has no permanent establishment in the of country includes purpose, ARTICLE The source. rentals in "royalties", term of respect films. picture motion this for defined as X: Exemption of wages, salaries, annuities, and pensions paid by the government.--Wages and salaries paid by one contracting state to its citizens residing in the other state (whether or not also citizens of Likewise, such other state) are exempt from tax in the latter state. pensions and annuities derived from sources within one state privete and paic to individuals residing in the other state are exempt from tax- the by ation made payments for injuries former in state. For consideration this for are "Annuities" received. an periodically at stated times, under in consideration of money paid. ARTICLE purpose services "nensions" or rendered defined as obligation are as stated make to periodic compensation sums payable the payments XI: Reciprocal exemption under Compensation for personal services: services rendered personal for n pensatio certain conditions.--Com lly exempt if such . reciproca is countries by residents of the treaty state for not other the within present ly residents are temporari more than and the country 183 days in the taxable burden of compensation is of permanent residence. year (calendar carried by year employers for Belgium), in the The reciprocal exemption applies to another classification also-present namely, where residents of the treaty countries are temporarily (calendar year taxable the in days 90 g exceedin within the other state not This $3,000. g exceedin not tion compensa year for Belgium), and receive classification is "saministrateurs", organized in the not applicable commissaires", treaty countries. to or remuneration of "liquidateurs" officers, of directors, corporations Page ARTICLE 4 XII: Reciprocal credit provisions.--No restriction is imposed by the treaty regarding any exemption, deduction, credit, or other allowance accorded by the laws of one of the contracting states in the determination of the income taxable by such state. The United States agreed under Code Sec. 131 to allow deductionof the appropriate amount of Belgian taxes whether paid directly by the taxpayeror by withholding. Likewise, Belgium agreed to reduce to one-fifth the professional tax and the national crisis tax on income derived from sources within and taxed by the United States. The tax on income from personal and real property located in the United States would be taxedat a maximum of 12 per cent. Citizens or residents of the United States who are also residents of Belgium need pay only one-fourth of the personal complementary tax on income derived from and taxed in the United States. ARTICLE XIII: | Exemption of remuneration of professor or teacher.--The remuneration of a professor or teacher of one contracting state who temporarily visits the other contracting state to teach for a period not exceeding two years is reciprocally exempt. ARTICLE XIV: ARTICLES XV,XVI, ARTICLE XIX: Exemption of remittances received by students or apprentices.-Remittances received by students or apprentices, citizens of one of the contracting states who reside in the other contracting state for purposes of study or for acquiring business experience, are reciprocally exempt. XVII, Administrative Claims in and cases of AND XVIII: fiscal assistance provisions. double taxation.--Where the actions of the revenue authorities of the contracting states have led or will lead to double taxation, a taxpayer, within two years of the last tax asserted or paid, may lodge a claim with the state of which he is a file claims citizen. claim ARTICLE in XX: in the If not the state , a state of citizen of either creation or organization. of residence. state, Corporate such taxpayer taxpayers file should Limitations on the convention.--The exemptions, deductions, credits or other allowances of either country are not restricted by the convention. The nationals or juridical persons of one state while residing in the other state are not to be subject to other or more burdensome taxes than the country of residence imposes on its own nationals or juridical persons. ARTICLE XXI; Regulations ARTICLE XXIT: Extension ARTICLE authorized. of treaty XXIII: Date: Effective on January takes place. 1 of the provisions. Ratification.--The year in which the conventions exchange of are effective ratifications BROWNING Boite Postale ARMS 22, COMPANY HERSTAL-lez-LIEGE, Belgium TRANSLATION FABRIQUE Herstal. NATIONALE 7 D'ARMES DE GUERRE November 20, 1951. Gentlemens While awaiting a more formal opinion from our inform you of our principal difference of 1951. This difference concerns swiped sally the ae under section II paragraph 3°) of your above especially concerns the trade-marks on the name our view it is illogical that in authorizing F.N. to take out trade-marks on the name Browning we should thus have detached it from our patrimony. On the contrary this authorization was given to protect our patrimony against the danger of popularization which you describe so well and this by means of a contract tied in with a system of royalties without which this authorization could not have been given yous taken by ourselves, the trade-marks in question would have been In this way the trade-marks are identical in character to the Browning patents which also have been taken out by F.N. with Browning: authorization outside the North American continent. The firm for whose interest I am trustee and your firm recognized this character in reaffirming this authorization to F.N. in the contract of May 1928 as against your thesis where the right to utilize the name would have belonged entirely to you since 1908. it is a right thus in "recognized our view to incorrect the man on the to this end in to F.N. been foreseen and the enjoyment of protected by trade-marks which the rized F.N. of name It seems the to take out is of value logical that a royalty ascribed exclusively to under the name Browning utilized the world over 1928 Neither should is be it of the as contract the arms conceivable interpreted of May which represent street". the name J.M. and must a be (value F.N. Your as deprived protection has of Browning by F,N. is M.o. Browning Co. autho- contract paid which as specifying long as the royalties. parenthetically utilization cannot be F.N. in view of the millions of armsmanufactured by other licencees in the United States and by the American armies and those of their allies). name after the cessation On this subject, I would long to as that article permitting II of the gratuitous contract utilization of May of our of the period of time concerning the patents. like to remind you that until the signature 1928, they the royalties concerned wer were payable manufactured to by Browning F.N. that as is for Mr. an unlimited duration. Joassart concerning the limit, period the the of name contract of payments; and May As certain doubts had been expressed by legality of a contract without a time 1928 in this was signed contract Browning was prolonged for putting the a maximum a limit authorization period equal on to the utilize to that of the payment of royalties. We believe that strictly speaking article IT is limitating in the sense that its language would suppose a new accord concerning utilization of our name after the end of the period of time imputed to the patents. In practice we maintain that in the meanwhile F.N. has the option of ceasing that F.N. royalty paymemts when the name is no longer sufficiently profitable to it simply by ceasing to utilize the name. At such a time the protection of our name will be reassumed by ourselves and the trade-marks which F.N. had heretofore maintained will be continued by ourselves in a manner similar to that whereby an effective patent would be continued by ourselves in case F.N. renounced its utilization. I do not believe that F.N. will pretend that a patent taken out in its name with contractual permission from ourselves will become its property automatically and free of charge in the event of a cancellation of the contracts authorizing their deposition. of the In summation, name Browning I believe by trade-marks is which protected it has in taken its out utilization by virtue of permissions which Browning has extended in several contracts and for which a payment is reasonable. In our opinion it would also be entirely illogical and against all good sense could F.N. arrogate utilization of our name without remuneration and even as a consequence prevent Browning from utilizing its own name commercially in certain countries. point can IT hope that this brief exposé will of view until a more professional be sent you. be adequate to explain our opinion from our attorneys Yincerely Val A. yours; Browning, Trustee eo TRANSLATION OF THE PE I.Tn to Twice which recently, the arm they F.N. particular cular arm. has no unless The ero right I ra Brownings TE TL SIE LOL eT TE LTD thesis. : ae eqotateetr seca have outlined to pay utilize continue OPINION IT Browning - to F.N. ER 12, the name a thesis Browning royalties on according for any that parti- These gentlemen base their of May 5, 1928 between the J.M. stipulates in article II: thesis on the fact that the contract and M.S. Browning Co. and F.N. "The exclusive right "dated May 24th 1907 Browning to the name "Browning" "of F.N. make, "application of "right of using is granted by to use the also extended the herabove this name in for the F.N. by agreement to cover automatic maximum art. I, without United States." period resulting prejudice to arms from Browning's which seemsto signify a contrario, that this right ceases the day that royalties are no longer paid. In other wrds F.N. in signing the May 1928 contract has voluntarily accepted a contractual restriction and it is from this restriction, freely accepted by it; that its rights would be circumscribed. The In on this formal question becomes 1928 contract. our view, we think that the interpretation given by contract is erroneous because in the absence of any Browning clear and stipulation, it one of interpretation cannot be presumed IIl.—- Facts by a of the simple "a contrario" reasoning that the F.N. is the object of an onerous restriction without limit in time. Our opinion is founded on the principles of law which regulate the interpretation of contracts in Belgium. It is finally and especially founded upon a series of factual elements which dominate the case and which are exposed in more details as follows. which os The right to utilize (which already dated May 24th dominate ee the name eee "Browning" —— was the — case,— - ed confirmed to had utilized it for some time) by an accord 1907. At that time the name Browning was a F.N. proper name and it was entirely natural that an authorization from the interested party was required at that time to utilize their name in commercial references made by a second party. Little by little common or generic certain types of semantic process the name Browning has become identified has progressively with arms manufactured by F.N. and by a well—known which tends to transform a proper name to a name, the public accustomed itself to utilize the word Browning to designate in a generic manner certain arms notably automatic pistols, even when these were not original Browning pistols. (See on this subject the definition of the word Browning in the Larousse dictionnary 1945 edition "masculin reference The known and page 136 noun — to the phenomenon one Evidently name completely careful and name its to French for this to be several words follows: in the language is become generic without well- which examples: have (here follows to produced; that is phenomenon into in the of realized as analogous transformed public, the to a series itself automatic pistol", inventor). transformation cite employed by the must be subject expresses of can several references the language). a proper which magazine type person of the be a generic name and in for currently object designated by the proper name of conditions which are found to be case appropriate execution inventor. One Browning/F.N., and that realization; is a sustained advertizing, and especially mass production without which it cannot be conceived that an object can become sufficiently popular to be usually designated in common language under the role play a of which those who in the process, veritable collaboration copropriety with perceives immediately the primary manufacture and commercialize the product one could say that there exists in the main the in the product which issues from appropriation by the public of inventor. their Considering the fact of popularized of his name to by oppose others with success in the courts the utilization in a commercial way. At this moment there nation which tends to fall and to lose from that fact practically impossible for exists no other method into a trade-mark thus that In accord period a with to to protect the protect Browning, name than to utilized this method it F.N. as such. transform and in 1908 it obtained in its name for an unlimited in limited and a denomi- in the domain of current vocabulary all private character, it becomes the holder of the proper name thus Belgium trade-marks period and at according Berne in the conferring the "Cartouche Browning", to 17 exclusive international countries use of the it it conventions signing, name is for numerous Browning in all its variations ("Browning" "un Browning", "Pistolet Browning", "Systeme Browning", "Browning F.N.", "Carabine Browning", "Fusil Browning", also obtained convention. From to assume in 13 that moment other etc..). countries not These a part the name Browning lost that of a trade-mark. trade-marks of the were international its proper character But a trade-mark belongs entirely to the user (first user) who makes the application. In authorizing us to set down their name as trade-mark Browning has in effect detached it from their patrimony3; they have given it to us as a trade-mark for the duration The F.N. accomplishment trade-mark — a which has been it should be of the validity of that mark. thus possesses of itself — from the regular of the legal formalities required to obtain a right which is proper to it, an autonomous right conferred upon it by law. It was necessary that thus, for without a trade-mark Our conclusion. interested in the sale of Browning arms without means of action against a third use of the name Browning. III.— OEE In view produced has than of the preceeding, account Browning arms and has sold 50 years (the first contract with this case), it seems difficult for F.N. would party the principal have found itself making abusive RT taken of the fact that F.N. them under this name for more Browning is dated 1897); account taken of the important sums which since that time have been paid as royalties to the inventors (see annex), account taken of the rules which in Belgian law preside at the interpretation of contracts (article 1156 to 1162 of the Civil Code several of which are applicable to us to conceive that F.N.; who has powerfully aided in diffusing and popularizing the name Browning in giving it the standing and notoriety which it enjoys and who in this fashion has created a veritable copropriety in the name (see above), who has obtained at its expense, the name Browning as a trademark and continued to renew these marks etc.s; who defends this name against prejudiciable use by third parties and who from that fact enjoys the rights recognized to owners of trade-marks The matter seems (see even above), more paradoxical when it is considered that a third party who had nothing to do with the diffusion and success of the name Browning could freely utilize this name without Browning being able to oppose it when at the same time the F.N. could see itself forbidden this right recognized to the "man in the street". This would be opposed to all good sense and a veritable negation of all reality that the F.N. should be the only one in the world who cannot utilize the name Browning. July 6, 1951 Fabrique Nationale Herstal~Lez-Liege Belgium Subjects Gentlemen: We herewith acknowledge receipt of your letter of June 12, 1951, addressed to the J. M. & M. S. Browning Company, c/o Mr. Val A. Browning, F. N., Herstal, and forwarded to the writer from there. Your last letter patent refers to our agreement of covering the Browning Five May 5, 1928, and you state that the Shot Automatic Shotgun expired on May 23, 1931, “taking into account the prolongation on account of the war of 1914~18". We think that it would be only logical and fair to grant another prolongation on account of the last war. We would to point out at this time like that according to the above mentioned agreement of May 5, 1928 that when the term for the payment of royalties expires for any particular arm, then the term for which you are granted the right to use the name Browning also expires for that particular arm. There- fore, gun any usage must cease whatsoever at the same of the name in connection that the royalties Furthermore, please re-read the last September 18, 1920 which I quotes part of “On your request these interviews we we time Browning agree to confirm have declared to cease. paragraph that, at you that 3 of with your this letter shot- of the occasion of we did not intend to consider those dates as being of rigorous application. If, at those dates general commercial circumstances still so allow (particularly if we may still consider ourselves as being, in fact, the only important manufacturers of automatic arms for our markets, and if we are not subject to any serious competition,) we could possibly, for our good relations" sake, and on moral engagement of your part, to continue to concede to use, at intervals, new inventions, on our side be ready to continue the payment of said royalties.” It does in the not appear slightest that your there full is at present production any capacities. competition which restricts Fabrique Subjects: Nationale Fusils Automatiques 5 Coups Browning - Page July Royalty Two 7, 1951 My latest information is that the hundred sets of parts from the new installation for the Auto Two Shot will not be ready to assemble before September. In this event I expect to delay my visit to Herstal until that time, and then I think we should discuss the important matters. from you concerning subject of royalties on the Auto Shot Five In the meantime, we should be very the above written three points. happy as to well receive Yours very truly, J, & Me S. BROWNING Val A. Browning M. By VAB/co/dh President as other news COMPANY July Fabrique 6, 1951] 12, 1951, you state Nationale Herstal~LezLiege Belgium Subjects Gentlemens we herewith to the Herstal, Your J. acknowledge Mw. of your S, Browning to the writer refers to our to point out and letter receipt GM forwarded Company, letter c/o of June from Mr. there. Val As agreement of May o, 1928, and at this time that Browning, Fe addressed Ne, that the iast patent covering the Browning Five Shot Automatic Shotgun expired on May <3, 1931, “taking into account the prelongation on account of the war of L9l4—-16",. ie think that it would be only logical and fair to grant another prolongation on account of the last war. We would like according to the agreement of May 5, 1926 that when the term for the payment expires for any particular arm, then the term for which you right to use the name Browning fore, any usage whatsoever gun must cease at the same also Furthermore, please re-read the last September 18, 1920 which I quote: “On your request these interviews we we expires for that of the name Browning in time that the royalties part agree to confirm have declared to particular connection cease. of paragraph that, at you that above mentioned of royalties are granted the arm. with 3 of your There- this letter shot~ of the occasion of we did not intend to consider those dates as being of rigorous application. If, et those dates general commercial circumstances still so allow. (particularly if we may still consider ourselves as being, in fact, the only important manufacturers of automatic arms for our markets, and if we are not subject to any serious competition,) we could possibly, for our good relations’ sake, and on moral engagement of your part, to continue to concede tc use, at intervals, new inventions, on our side be ready to continue the payment of said royalties." It does not appear that there is at present any competition in the slightest your full production capacities. which restricts Nationale Fabrique Fusils Automatiques Subjects Page Two July 7, 1951 5 Coups Browning ~ Royalty tion My latest information is that the hundred sets of parts from the new installa In this for the Auto Two Shot will not be ready to assemble before September. think we 1 then and time, that until Herstal to event I expect to delay my visit should discuss importent from you the matters. concerning subject of royalties on written three In the meantime, the above Auto the Five be very we should points. Shot happy Yours very truly, M & M. S. J. as well BROWNING By Val VAB/co/dh as to receive A. Browning President other news COMPANY July Fabrique 6, 1951 Nationale Herstal-Lez~Liege Belgium Subjects Gentlemens We herewith acknowledge receipt of your letter of June 12, 1951, addressed M. S, Browning Company, c/o Mr. Val A. Browning, F. Ne, to the J. andM. &forwarded to the writer from there. Herstal, Your letter refers to our agreement of May 5, 1928, and you state that the | last patent covering the Browning Five Shot Automatic Shotgun expired on May 23, 1931, “taking into account the prolongation on account of the war of 1914<18". We think that it would be only iogical and feir to grant another prolongation on account of the last war. We would like to point out at this time that according to the above mentioned agreement of May 5, 1928 that when the term for the payment of royalties expires for any particular axm, then the term for which you are granted the right to use the name Browning also expires last part for that particular fore, any usage whatsoever of the name Browning in connection gun must cease at the same time that the royaities cease. Furthermore, September 18, please 1920 re-read which the I quotes of paragraph arm. with 3 of your There this letter shot- of "On your request we agree to confirm that, at the occasion of these interviews we have declared to you that we did not intend to consider those dates as being of rigorous application. If, at those dates general commercial circumstances still so allow (particularly if we may still consider ourselves as being, in fact, the only important manufacturers of automatic arms for our markets, and if we are not subject to any serious competition,) we could possibly, for our good relations* sake, and on moral engagement of your part, to continue to concede to use, at intervals, new inventions, on our side be ready to continue the payment of said royalties." It does not appear that there is at present any competition in the slightest your full production capacities. which restricts Fabrique Nationale subjects Fusils Automatiques liy latest information for the Auto Two Shot event i expect should discuss 5 Coups Srowning Page Two « Royalty July 7, is that the hundred sets of parts from the new installation will not be ready to assemble before September. In this to delaymy visit to Herstal until that time, and the subject of reyalties on the Aute Five Shot as important matters. from you concerning happy In the meantime, we should be very the above written three points. Yours very truly, ¥ & - ba Jie nf Me he Pe aoe a then well He. Cobee See BAUAN PRS ING By : Val cc: John Val Browning As I think we as other news to receive re VAB/co/dh 1951 oe * Browning President PO ATS A A q hat ua PANY Subject Belgian To John From | Reference Date M. + Office Val Browning Bigelow (Liege) Browning May lay > 10, f find a check please Attached psy the adjusted will complete the amount of each shall raise by period of Because unexpected things, I are well and other hae as Jack Rice gives residence. It 339. of amount the wage increases me to is | considered his opinion not likely of necessary not we that our that staff wage of a such members to include extended but it may be well residence, foreign should be to ‘be aabdiceeay if adjustment attached of June Val A. Browning Regular Mail is in the salary the amount (Ogden) ~~ believe We 31, two week’ yo yr May the as well check to as prices with to the Belgian increase this it should be; that logical are laws aware, members it wages on regulatious that to be certain our attorneys It seemed taff is permissible. you 379.80 May 1 roll ¢cnec: pay are who logical. permitted have ha regulations as hae company if you check in necessary check of always for 6626.90. the % g Ld first May Se Le chit a 1951 Ford General, USA hi e f of Ordnance £4 ce of the Chief of shh ington 25, D. C. Ordnance References Dear 7, General ORDTX-M Ford : kindly for your letter of May 2, the information contained in being transmitted by me to the Directeur of the Fabrique onale. It was a pleasure to have the opportunity of making your waintance, and I hope to have the occasion of conferring with you saat non the subject of development of military small arms. In the meantime, I am Sincerely VAB/co/dh ccs John | Val Browning yours, Val A. Browning President DEPARTMENT OF THE anv 7 OFFICE OF THE CHIEF OF ORDNANCE ~ WASHINGTON 25, D.C. ERE 2. x XS CP KS STATES OS IN REPLY REFER TO: ORDTA~iif Mre Val A. Browning, Dear Mre Browning: Je Me & Me Se Ogden, Utah President Browning Company Reference is made to your letter of 25 January 1951 wherein you requested advise as to our opinion of the FN Light Rifle recently tested by the U.S. Armye You will recall that you left a copy of that letter with me on the occasion of your recent visit to this office. As entered your associates may have in our tests with informed you, security restrictions the FN Rifle was imposed by the British Government. I am compelled, therefore, to refer you to those authorities for further information concerning the testse The possibility of American manufacture of the FN Light Rifle, to which your letter also refers, was suggested to Army Ordnance some time agoe Because of the motives which prompted Fabrique Nationale to make this very fine gesture and the manner in which it was made, we are handling that matter through diplomatic channels. I regret very much the undue delay in replying to your original letter. Although more positive answers to your questions cannot be given, I greatly appreciate your continuing interest in the develop= ment of military weapons. Sincerely yours, Pts CLF Poe ola Major USA Be Le Chief FORD General, of Ordnance Subject__._ Belgian Office To Bild Getiy o From M,. Bigelow Browning Reference Date. DBesember 2¢ av I have instructions, according to Val's memo of December <7, © increase the salary of Nicolay $40 a month. Would you kindly increase each biemonthiy pay check by 320 bringing at each check to the figure This increase is to month. be of ¢480, effective or a January total 1. of $960 Since per our pay check for the first two week's of January already has been mailed, it is suggested that we mail on the 2nd of January a pay check in the amount of $500 which will permit John Val to make the adjustment in proper time. M. 5B, B. A.W cco; eo: Val John A. Browning Val Browning vo (Liege) Belgian Salaries M. Bigelow Val A. Browning Browning December 27, 1950 The attached memo from John Val in connection with an increase of salary for Nicolay seems reasonable and necessary to me. If you see no particular objection, kindly increase his salary as of January lst dh ccs Enc. by $40.00 per month. John Browning Val Subject mNR To John From M. Defects Val Browning Bigelow (Liege) Browning Reference Date November 21, 1950 Attached please find a subject from Grant. It these four main springs regrettable Possibly this that there flurry of Regular Mail Val A. Browning iv memo of November 17 is self-explanatory. forwarded on to you. is no main serial spring number breakage on the above I am having It is information. is coincidental. Subject #.N, Automatic Defects. To Ur. Browning From Grant FP. Goddard M. Bigelow Reference Date November 17, 1950 Attached this week usual, | samples of broken main to Ken for to the dealer he immediately According this are breakage exchange. called occurred As it to springs this new returned rather my attention. and customer in is un- correspondence, guns. The only serial number given in the correspondence was No. 298655, which gun was shipped from St. Louis on 8-1)-60. In two other instances this week the dealers just re~quested reimbursement for replacements they made of this part. Two of the above dealer complaints claimed that their ustomers were not able to initially fire the gun because of the main spring being broken. It is puzgling how this breakase could occur without any firing being done. Other complaints after a very few said he a very ceurred We will shots. to the same report any had claimed In one customer irate instance twice, person further breakage this breakage and our dealer of breakage. on his instances occurred hands. this t eee es A WS the # 2 Re wy Ps ed ¢ Se pe Reference %BO ia saat: %.. (OVYemMme re ae Geto Reg an at 5. = we Val ie il Brownin % & :3 we ashe ‘ yf - Ps / 4 tnd wat ccs ccs og Be 3 eo ye Q 5 "a es sued a a4 rT be Yr <£ ~~ ee - = A ke \ttacne: 4 4 T'o From Reference Date entil word further “Qelvoarm"® genn setice, will Yal Grant F, MY@. Vilke 546% Brewhing ¢ Mi.e8 2artes Miee Medenald iy, Stecke 1 Sf the O16 | belgian be | (Liéece) effiee enable Gigeontineed cove from use, ORDNANCE In the September, October 1950 ORDNANCE magazine we have noted an article entitled "Tariffs and National Defense" by C. Stewart Comeaux, Secretary of the Sporting Arms and Ammunition Manyfagt yess Litute, in which he argues that foreign imports jeopardize OR A ie Be anaes and etc. in this article Mr. Comeaux gives certain figtres relative to the importation of Belgian auto-—loading shotguns. Out of all fairness, we believe Mr. Comeaux should inform the total ihe ecacue = all sporting arms manufactured in this cor all simila importe 2 golyar volyme of include Cathie Hrs, 27 ng AER 5 calibers. with this informati hefore the publ ier ae believe continue contributing billions to them reply is necessary to Mr. Manufacturers Institute. opportunity must be given we shall be forced to interesting. MAB/faw in this no on th Cuties Comeaux and the Sporting Arms and Ammunition It is quite generally conceded that Spe ijttle to foreign countries to trade with fet Or" that period of time, and certainly imports of those manufactured in the United States. manufactured public country as compared sporting Similar to that for an indefinite arms is small as compared to information cover; ing ammunition imported might also prove fF a —; —— ys ( 7 a ; —— oe igh a oo | o-_ — a aa. ae a, Vacsageatl Comeaux Article Marriner Val A. A. - Ogden Browning October On Browning 6, 1950 September 20th "In September-October the Magazine you must I wrote to Laloux is an article by read if you have reading this article I emotional fury at the 1950 Mr. not as follows: issue of the Ordnance C. Stewart Comeaux which already done so. Upon was assailed by a sort of cold, idea of Mr. Comeaux, who is at the head of the American Firearms Manufacturers!’ Institute, permitting himself to use the pages of the Army Ordnance Magazine for purely commercial propaganda. The article is aimed directly at our heads and has no logical sense but is plainly a maneuver to attempt to put us out of business, Quite naturally this article has been inspired mainly by the Winchester Company and aided and abetted by the other American firearms manufacturers, I think that we should take some measures to reply, and if you have any ideas and especially arguments concerning the Belgian labor situation as compared with firearms manufacturers in this country, I would be glad to make use of them. For your information the Winchester Company is taking orders from dealers for their new Automatic shotgun although no formal announcement has appeared and no complete descrip- tion of that the and especially the same dealers the that gun the prices is available. gun is "will be They something simply new competitive." and So tell the far as special and we know and the this procedure on their part is unprecedented in the industry. The article by Mr. Comeaux and the procedure followed by Winehester can be considered as a preliminary and underhanded attempt to injure sales of our present On following is day, our new September translated Automatic 20th, from his shotguns," Laloux letter: wrote to me, Comeaux Article Marriner Val A, A, Browning ~ Ogden Browning October "My 6, 1950 letter of today is based upon the following things: 1l- The article from Ordnance, which has been sent to me from the U.S.A., and of which I three just am transmitting to you herewith a information might have escaped photostat in case this your attention, This foreign importations article contains is perhaps not a a vigorous offensive (to which Olin stranger) against the importation of shotguns from Further ~8ayings in arms and coming his letter particularly he Belgium," again refers to "T wish you would keep me advised of our part, naturally, we are going to delegation to the meeting at Torquay delegation should have its eyes open whieh is showing itself on the the of Automatic Comeaux matter by your intentions. On warn the Belgian in order that the for this danger sign horigon," Tariffs qd Foreign Imports Jeopar dize Our Firearms ° The C. Stewart - Comeaux fe oe . Steps should be taken to ‘Prevent an important segment of our Nation’s industrial preparedness potential from becoming weak : MERICAN manufacturers have always realized the necessity of accelerating and expanding the inter- national exchange of goods and com. modities. They are also aware of the necessity of providing a reasonable outlet for foreign merchandise in the ' American home market. But they are of the unanimous belief. and conviction . that there must be a positive limitation imposed on European and other forei gn imports when such imports jeopardize the national-defense structure of the United States. 3 In the postwar era, and particularly since the inauguration of the Marshall Plan and the establish- ment of the Economic Cooperation Administration, American manufactur ers themselves as increas- ingly concerned over our tariff polici es. Under the power delegated by the Trade Agreements Act, for example, a third round: of tariff slashing will be undertaken at Torquay, France, in Sep- tember. It is anticipated that, with in"Significant exceptions, every itern on our tariff schedule not already cut fifty per cent below the 1945 level will be subject to further reduction. This additional round of tariff reductions has been scheduled even befor e the most recent cuts made at Anne cy, France, last year have become effec tive. 108 intended conferences by have expressed Industry —— — a Aegete« PET National Degense objectives of these yearly are reductions in the foreign taritl COUNTTICS SO as to in to | urope. MrOome Yet IS CONTerences in rates of crease American these International exports taritl evitably result in further American tay iff reductions. and these redu HONS, a celeraung luropean exports United States, are hurting many into American the manutacturers slightest huropean objection economy. an But they properly concerned petition in the American reaches the point have tO when where arc home particularly daily can livelihood workers, small ot and Our indus the Amer} national detense C. Stewart Comeaux iS secre tary of the Sporting Arms and Ammunition Manufacturer s’ InStitute. During World War Il Major Comeaux served on the staff of Lieut. Gen. Levi n H. a do ¥ cred t irifis Jr., United former Chief States of Army. President New York Post. American mance Association. of Ord- He the Ord- he , : Include not | " shotguns: tive ¢ ither vol ye rs of pistols. lt IS not the re Wish or OF discussion ’ hig would theory. Bur upon pendence of be the rates an on further MISC increase industry does want the utter Nation simply be done its armed upon Amer urges that there reduction cllaneous be to ck Mmanulacturers, to in the Hirearmy< granted rates on autoloading should and sea, and air hrearms 1ih\ POUTICO-cCcOonomn all citizens: our The industry no: necessarily a Controversial ‘aMpress lean can enterprises, is gy and aris ucts pyran } Cn Ol Costs s( COM) Many American industries are already beginning to complain that im ported torcign products are being sold in the home market below the production cost of domestic products . The low manufacturing costs in fore ign countries are generally predicted to go lower while there is nothing in sight on the American scene that would indicate any relief in costs and taxes to the American producer. Growing anxiety over pres ent and , contemplated tariff policies js being expressed today by the fuel indu stry, the textile industry, the glass indu stry, the cutlery industry, the - wool industry, and dozens of other threaten ed Ameri- Campbell, Biy sporting rifics torces—land, Below Production clures 4S hot program, nance, brycti the market business. thousands Il his destynated Quite seriously dangers the future of their own tries, try. UCTS eC\panding foreign it as HMmuhition. Ameri can industries. nt. Nappenry in the shotguns, jeopardize attic tariff that current Nothing the pro duction of shoulder fire arms upon Which such an important phase of our nauuonal defense depends. -The small-arms industry would like to focus public attention on A specific hrearm—the autoloading shot gun. This category of firearms represents a small but extremely important part of the over-all industry production. and its fu ture must be safeguarded if American firearms manutacturers are to retain and continuously improve their skill in the manufacture of automati c weapons. Our Government depends almost en. tirely upon American commerci al manufacturers for this skill and industrial capacity. It is only reasonable to assert that the industry should be permitted to operate its sporting-arms business, in times of quasi peace, on a modest profit basis. Such a common-sense policy will suarantee adequate small-ar ms production in a future war emer gency, There are several specific points in- ORDNANCE volving the autoloadin; shot gun. that are of national igi Tariff rates on this particul ar type ot firearm again War in I] Were 1948. made lowered The it in 1935 advent impossible and ot World to evaluate the full and true effect of the 1935 tariff cut upon firearms impo rts ‘into. the United States, For the postwar era. hrst reliable figures on Belgian shotgun exports became available for “1946—the first postwar ~ the detensive strength of our oz r ec Not only manutacturers: competition in the suffered trade. ures home have had American to meet irom foreign market but a sey ere decline Department of loreign work period 1s longer. We are Informed that this sam e condition CXIStS Foreign Competitio n not firearms only in Increasing Great Britain. Vakia as competitors either actual they have ‘also in their export Commerce he tor the first three mon ths of 1950 show decreases In the various cateyvories Pe] of sporting arms export s, 1n comparison exporters Belgium . but Sweden, well, of Unofficial All ‘or these and firearms. the tween foreign following and are Important French rates, yust received in the United show. France, Czechoslo countries potentially Belgian and in Wage States. disproportion American be labor year atter that country’s COStS: industry was with the same months supposed to have underg Of 1949, ranging one serious deBelgian rates are approxima tely 40 struction at the hands Per cent-of rates paid: of Nazi invaders, Ame ric an labor Cumulative hgures sho in the manufacture oj wed that Belgian firearms, “The Shotgun exports to the “If the recommendations average American rate United of States today is approxiAmerican firearms manu (practically all of the auto facturmately $1.50 an hou ers are accepted by loading type) our Goy ernr for al 40 hour ment, then the firearms for g months of 1940 tota week, with tine and industry led 2,887; yer a half above that. and all other industries in one month alone of threaiFrench rates, according ened that year, Noby tariff reductions will be to informaable to play their indi vember, not included tion furnished by the spensable jn the 9-month role in any national emer Société Francois genc period, Belgian exports y.” de Munitions. of this same gun are 36 to 39 cents (120 amounted to 4,133, to 130 francs) for 4 40-hour week, with Complete figures for the tume and a quarte year 1946 r tof overtime and from thirty-six to seventy-n a ine per cent. ' differen are now available. They tial reveal that of eigh t per cent for female The products exported by the United Belgian exports for 12 mon labor. Social Payments ths totaled States Consist, in large and fringe pay measure, of the 6,990, whereas in 1934, bear a high proportion to the year before lower-priced guns as distin wages, the guished from 45° per cent tariff redu employer paying 23.6 ction, such ex. the auto-loading type. per cent and the ports amounted to only See employee 6 per cent. Sin 4,28; guns, As a way out of'a dificult ce the devaluasituation, tion of the franc, rate the s sug have increased gestion has been put for Belgian Exports ward about 15 per cent. trom time to time that effo rts Today, as a result of the be made additional to secure concessions fro m other countariff reduction that became Recommendations effective on tries on the exports of aut oloading shotJanuary 1, 1948, total Belgian On the basis of this exports in guns of Amerié and other eyian manufacture. We be‘that year jumped to the unpr dence, American hre ecedented lieve that these efforts arms manutacturwould be futile total of 27,986 shotguns. crs are fully warranted This shows because the United States in making the represents by with great clarity the result following | three. rec of the total far the major market for ommendations to over-all tariff reduction our Government: of approxithis model. Foreign demately sixty-eight per cent 1. That there be no bar that took mand is mostly for cheap gaining with place in 1935 and in 1948, other countries on the subject of resingle-shot rifles, singleWhile Belgian €xports. were duced tariffs on sho soaring barrel shotguns, and tguns and rifles in phenomenal fashion, Ame shi pped into the United rican firedouble-barre] shotguns States. “arms 1manufacturers did 2. That there be no not. enjoy any in the low-price range, further reducsuch proportionate _ANcre tions at this time on ase in their Her sho e agai tguns or on n we may emp ‘sales ‘of autoloading shotguns hasize the rifles valued at more . As a fact that the autoloading tha n $50 each. consequence, the American shotgun js 3. That autoloading firearms inmore closely allied than othe sho tgu ns be segdustry is very much concerne r types of regated from the gen d over the hrearms to the automatic era l sho tgu n cateWeapons procontinuing and increasing gories and that the imports of duced by American manufa dut ies the reo n be cturers for Belgian autoloading shotgu restored to those levels ns. The inour Government. Foreig in existence prior n countries dustry feels that the period in to. the which the ‘should not be furt 1947 Geneva negotiations; her encouraged to 1948 rates have been in effe 1.€., the ct has been rates in effect on Jan make inroads on this part uary 1, icular type of entirely too brief to dem onstrate the 1945. product because it is so clos ely identified total effect of increased imp If the recommendations orts. This is with our industrial-prepare of American 4 most cogent argument dness profir earms manufacturers against a fur. gra m. are accepted by | ther slash in tariff rates at our Government, the this time of The n the high ly fir earms indist urbi ng crisis in world affairs, fact confront. dustry and all other - fully realizing ing many American firms ind ust rie s threat-_ the probable and almost inev js that, while ened by tariff reduction itable efforeign labor is just as s will be abl e to efficient as our fects of further tariff reduct play their Andispens ions upon ‘ own, labor costs able réle jn any are much less artd the national emergency, SS ne September-October, 1950 109 | september Mr. Jean de Ryckman Suite 218 1931, Second Avenue seattle 1, Washington My dear Mr. de de 20, 1950 Betz Beta: Your letter of August 30th came to my attention after an absence of several days from my office. As a consequence my reply to you has been delayed somewhat to my regret. I too am disappointed at not having seen you on your trip to Belgium and your recent’ trip to Salt Lake City. In connection with the sale this country I can tell you exclusive sales rights for and embodying Browning dealers throughout the of firearms manufactured by F.N. in that the Browning Arms Company has the sporting firearms manufactured by F.N, patents, We do business with some 6,000 United States, and many of these dealers in various parts of the United States would be more than willing to order the quantities of guns stated in your letter if we were able to supply them. At the present time the demand is great for our guns as it is for similar guns manufactured by other companies, but the factory production is simply not adequate to supply the demand especially for Automatic shotguns and Superposed shotguus. We the do not F.N. Mauser." at present Side-By-Side have the shotguns We thank you for your interest we Gan see no way of combining time, With cordial regards, I representation or the cc; for - 9-22-50 de am Val MBB this country chasse, for type in this matter and are sorry that our common interests at the present Yours VAB/co/dh in "“carabine very A. truly, Browning September Mr. Jean de Ryckman Suite 218 1931, Second Avenue Seattle 1, Washington My dear Mr. de de 20, 1950 Betz Betz: Your letter of August 30th came to my attention after an absence of several days from my office. As a consequence my reply to you has been delayed somewhat to my regret. I too am disappointed at not having seen you on your trip to Belgium and your recent trip to Salt Lake City. In connection with the sale of firearms manufactured by F.N. in this country I can tell you that the Browning Arms Company has the exclusive sales rights for sporting firearms manufactured by F.N. and embodying Browning We do present patents. We do business with some 6,000 this country dealers throughout the United States, and many of these dealers in various parts of the United States would be more than willing to order the quantities of guns stated in your letter if we were able to supply them. At the present time ths demand is great for our guns as it is for similar: guns manufactured by other companies, but the factory production is simply not adequate to supply the demand especially for Automatic shotguns and Superposed shotguns. not the F.N, Mauser," at Side-By-Side have the shotguns We thank you for your interest we can see no way of combining time, With cordial regards, I representation or the "carabine ec: for am Val MBB - 9-22-50 de chasse, | for type in this matter and are sorry that our common interests at the present Yours VAB/co/dh in very A. truly, Browning September «VIA 1950 BELRADIO» BROWNING OQGDENUTAd MY AIGUST LETTER HAVING Delvoarm 5, Liege LINDSEY 30 RE HANDLE Bld. NATIONALE LALOUX Ern. PATENT WANTS Solvay, PLEASE INFORM CABLE BELGIAN IF AGREEABLE ATTORNEYS Herstal eR ees hes ae TOS | sae eS ee ACVITMND ts NIN See ee Se ee met? PLU ee oe ATMS ’ TS a I - SUS ae Dy fu BS TY n B fhe 35 Ge RP vif mT PEL } Wis et Ge Se Rt “| oY } ue Ne SEL ny mm TYR O88 oS Ge SS SR ae FED To LIN th 9 BE THI eS vor A TOT? TOM ones 2 tre se F 4 i fusil nos to) UL au BRE | par autres ‘773 “Tf La | groupes (étuis = A <4 i) ALLEGE ipé d'un transporteur de 2 he ouches 1 a tire * coups. saben’ Ps Bi: vy rd Rese 4 ee aaaaaeeil arab loge cee ~ onan tA a Sy 14 HS} SA af 4 a 4 ce Subject Browning T'o From M. Bigelow Browning Reference Date duly oat SL OSC three 10,000 copies FN of the Browning on spec cifications Model 1911 5-Shot Will appreciate having confirmation as soon as FN accepts this order together with mention of any adjustment which there may be in the terms on this order for 1951 supply. or John Assume to Val him apply. has that not you together been would with sen pre: any ‘OD: to specia. f 1es transmit lems orders. the that orders may July «VIA BROWNING BELRADIO>» OGDENUTAH GENERAL DELVOARM 26, LIEGE STRIKE CALLED TODAY texte clair anglais Bd. Ern. NO LIMIT sans Solvay sens MADE ON DURATION conventionnel Ady Herstal 1950 «VIA BELRADI LT VAL BROWNING OGDENU TAH YOUR CABLE TWENTYFIRST NO DEFINITE NEWS YET REORGANIZATION BEING DISCUSSED AS PRELIMINARY STEP STOP LETTER GIVING RECAPITU= = LATION SENT YOU : Texte DELVOARM LIEGE clair bld. Ern. anglais Solvay sans sens conventionnel Lb Herstal P i ei ® hal § — o ™ ah x al : “Ait a a : ’ GA : y , ms ” “et ’ A © ; . af %& Pe i ” use Ne 7 — be & % « 7s of 4 " E a al Sf are FABRIQU@MMATIONALE D’ARNES DE GUERRE Augmentation du dividende Le Conseil d’administration a examine les comptes de l’exercice écoule et a decide de proposer a Ja prochaine assemblee ordinaire la distribution d’un dividende de 250 fr. brut, soit 175 fr. net contre 140 fr. net Van dernier. appelons que pour l’exercice anterieur, le benefice disponible avait atteint fr. 158,513,261.88. G. VANDER Conseil en an Copie.- | Breve’ | LI£EGE Fabrique Nationale lerstal.-~- Messieurs, Concerne: nom de Mr. 2 coups ", prions dont J juillet 1950.- Liége, le 25 6l,rue des Guillemins Nous de trouver nous avons une Demande de brevet P. Dejace recu une copie en pour chasse communication officielle dont nous annexe. les revendications li. BROWNING L' intervention au 4 vous i Dans numérotées 20 instructions; n° 661.614 de l'Examinateur des Guerre automatique celle-ci, adressons aux Etats-Unis de “" Pusil Dans vous d'Armes cite copies. deux actuellement nouvelles antériorités 1l'examen, celles 4 a 24 ont été déposées par notre correspondant suite 4 nos celles u2neretées 25 4&4 29 ont été déposées 4&4 la suite de de et de son correspondant. Ces Messieurs doivent avoir été mis au courant de la présente communication par notre correspondant qui leur en a adressé copie. Nous haisserons donc a ces lées relativement aux tions Messieurs le soin revendications 25 Quant & nous, nous nous nous avions proposées. que l'Examinateur Il vous estime apparaitra qu'il occuperons par n'y a de réfuter 4 29. l'étude pas d'effet de les objections uniquement la des revendica- communication technique form- que nouveau, donc pas d'invention, dans le fait d'utiliser deux arrétoirs pour le transporteur au lieu d'un seul comme c'est le cas dans le brevet n° 2.278.589 de Rutherford qui est considéré comme constituant l'tantériorité principale. Afin de tion, nous vous deux revendications Le nous permettre saurions gré projet nous tions relatives Signaler. aux que annexées de la nous préparation fixer envisageons qui particularités seraient que vous d'un projet comprendrait entre 4 ce sujet. complétées pourriez par les de réfuta- autres les revendica- éventuellement nous Vous remarquerez que dans les libellés que nous proposons, nous avons jugé opportun de faire disparaitre le mot “automatic",celui-ci semblant appeler l'idée d'une arme & magasin comme c'est le cas dans toutes les antériorités citées. Pouvons-nous que vous pourriez soumettrons alors vous prier de nous faire connaitre les envoyer 4 l'Examinateur, projet des brevets avant le 11 octobre Veuillez devant @tre prochain. déposé au américain agréer, Messieurs, nos salutations G. Annexes: VANDER 1 copie communication officielle lL projet de deux nouvelles revendications brevets: arguments estimer susceptibles d'étre mentionnés. Nous vous aux fins d'approbation un projet de réponse complet 2.278.589; 1.099.621; 1.834.410; 1.951.262. 1.111.440; bureau distinguéesé HAEGHEN, - 2.090.340; a @ Copie i Pierre Joseph Etats-UnisAUTOMATIC 20, n° ee ee ae SR Loomis Cox Rutherford ee ee ee Charles 661.614 SPORTING 1949 Communication Pe oe ew ee ee ore e126 eee DEJACH GUN Responsive to amendments Additional references made and rejected 1.834.410... 1.111.440. Claimes by which 25 Dec. 1. Sept.22. 26 each filed of are these of April recorad 1931 1914 claims 1949 and September : 42/21.2 42/21.2 as unpatentable appears fully met. over Claims 20-24 are rejected as unpatentable over Rutherford in view of any of the patents to Browning, Henry, or Loomis or taken conversely. The Rutherford reference discloses a carricr-controlling stop which is controlled both by the positioning of a cartridge on the carrier and also by a cam surface on the rejected as reciprocating breech bolt. This stop may be controlled manuaily. The secondary refegrence: e-ach show that it is old to use a carrier stop in conjunction with a other such stop in a firearm operating mechanism, one stop being operated by a barrel cam and the other by the positioning or a cartridge on the carrier. To use two stops, as shown by the secondary references, in place of double-acting stop of Kutherford and to mount a stop actuating-oam Similar to that on the bolt of Rutherford, on the barrel in accordance with the teachings of any of the secondary references is not seen to produce any new or unexpected result or to be invention. The particular mounting of the two stops is not seen to involve more than mechanical skiil, and furthermore, 18 old &s shown by Schildbach. Rutherford Claims in view 28 of and 29 each are Loomis unpatentable (1.854.410), Cox, and over Norn. To apply the teachings of any of the secondary references, of the side loading opening adjacent the carrier, to the primary reference device does not appear to produce ; oo new or unebvious results indicative of invention or to be beyond the ability of one skilled in the art. cancelled. Claims 20-29 are rejected. HABCHEN, - a P. DEJACE CR wer Ae Se ee eee ED " Fusils Re A me ee WR ae mo fie mate oem nay PROJET i ONS ~ Seat 30. ie a - Etats-Unis Ge ee Ga oe OF Go Ben tk Gen automatique ee bceadeane OO ne eee ee ee i DE Sees Ne PR ae Ge Gee tee at em GP de Tea Saat ORO KR aes CURA CH ree emeey memes TSO CERES ene SIE Se Ge SP 661. O14 ee Re chasse A deux coups REVENDICATIONS. Seinen ee Mey RCIA Pur viet RET, RENE firearm chamber, n° OG mutt NOUVELLES WINE MM <A 2-round cartridge & said PS SRM ve MI Cen AE meveh he Sees Py een Rely Yes Se my paeniiswed ine eae ee comprising barrel & receiver, being slidingly a barrel mounted in aid receiver, sty mounted in a MIvabiexearixidgexssarcier breech said Magetver: | a movable cartridge bolt reciprocatincarrier coopere- ting with controlling said for feeding means and for chamber, a caitridge supporting a said barrel its forward by the into a cartridge by second supported saic by ver, a movable cartridge movembntof the chamber, bolt fed to by the movements of barrel in said breech bolt for be to the controlled by rendered ineffective when a carrier-controlling carrier manually ineffective. cooperating to stop a reciprocatingly including ling and stop said is controlled being rendered fed said movements said and barrel stop operable a of barrel slidingly mounted mounted in with controlling and feeding a said in recei- cartridge means for supporting chamber, a carrier-control- said barrel and a being is in its forward position, controlled being a receiver, being carrier in cartridge said ané comprising barrel carrier said position said cartridge said carrier firearm chamber, breech by said when including cartridge. <A 2-round supported controlled bolt be carrier-controlling a stops to a position, receiver, both position breech carrier ineffective said second said rendered being a cartridge said chamber, in the and 31. into of stop ineffective forward said movement carrier-controlling cartridge having forward rendered means for | by the cartridge ineffective simultaneously by said rendering sas he cae © to oh jon? apd mw iw j3 OC) e EO a @ Concerne: de Nous avons Dans celle-ci, 2 prions dont de Mr. coups trouver nous Demande nom vous P. "™ une de brevet Dejace regu une copie adressons en pour aux n° 661.614 automatique de chasse communication officielle dont nous annexe. 1'Examinateur des Etats-Unis ™ Fusil cite copies. deux at nouvelles au antériorités les revendications actuellement a 1'examen, celles ont été deposées par notre corre spondant suite a s numérotées 2) & 29 ont été déposées 4 la suit * Ff LY ag Ces ant THR LIN A le et y doivent SO Nn avoir CO rre été aux revendications aA nous, ions 2 nous proposées RE Ea OE Rp OX 25 nous _ au courant par de 1! étude apparaitra Rutherford qui considéré tion, Afin de nous vous saurions permettre la préparation d'u n projet gré de nous fixe: ixer & ce sujet. le nous nous est projet que comme la des Il vous l'Examinateur estime gu'il n'y a pas d ‘invention, dans le fait d'utiliser au lieu d'un seul comme ctest le cas de uniquement la copie. Lfoua 4 29. occuperons nos eK spondant. notre correspondant qui leur en a adressé ces Messieurs le soin de par aten les wie relativement nous OWN Uy iN Messieurs communication par haisserons donc A lées RR Dr a presente @ Nous form- revendica- communicati on } que a d'teffet technique nouveau, donc pas ae arrétoirs pour le transp sorteur dans le brevet n° en cae de constituant envisa&geons l'antérioriteé principale. comprendra it de entre refuta- autres les deux revendications annexées qui seraient completée nD par les revendications relatives aux particularités que vous pourrie eZ eventuellement nous signaler. Vous remarquerez que dan s libellés que nous pro posons, nous avons juge opportun de faire senblant appeler l'idée d'une arme outes les antériorités citées. ; oS paraitre le mot “automatic"”,celui-c in comme c'est le cas. dans. Pouvons-nous vous prier de nous faire connaitre les arguments que vous pourriez estimer susceptibles d'étre mentionnés. Nous vous soumettrons alors aux. fins d' approbation un projet de réponse complet a envoyer & l'Examinateur, projet devant étre déposé au bureau américain des brevets avant le eulllez 11 octobre agréer, prochain. Messieurs, | nos salutations G. Annexes; 1 copie communication officielle 1 projet de deux nouvelles revendications brevets: 2,278,589; -2..8544410;.1.171,440; 1.099. 62133; 41.,, 9352 262. VANDER 2.090.540; ierre sti e Copie Comm nee Joseph Charles DEJACE Unis- AUTOMATIC n° 661.614 SPORTING a C= 2 22 oa ional ee = aPF aw amendments - 34 111.440 Claimms by Beuie ae 1.854.410 Co: ore GUN aw to Loomis VED which 25 and each 26 of Dec. 5 mai filed April of record 1931 Ser 1914 are rejected these claims 1949 and September : 42/21.2 42/21.2 as unpatentable appears fully met. over Claims rising are rejected as unpatentable over Rutherford in view of any of the patents to Browning, Henry, or Loomis or taken conversely. The Buthert owl reference discloses a Ca et Cee stop which is controlled both by the positioning of a cartridge on the carrier and also by @ cam auriage on the reciprocating breech bolt. This stop may be controlled manually. The sec ondary refe¢rences e.ach show that it is old to use a carrier Stop in conjunction with mother such stop in a firearm operating mechanism, one stop being ineerated ee & barrel cam and the other by the positioning of a eartridg 1 the carrier. To use two stops, as shown by the seconanry vere cbiGed. in place of double-acting stop of Rutherford and to mount a stop actuating-cam similar to that on the bolt of Rutherford, on the barrel in accordance with the teachings of any of the secondary references is not seen to produce any new or unexpected result or to be invention. The particular mounting of the two stops is not seen to involve more than mechanical Skill, and furthermore, is old as shown by Schildbach. Rutherford apply eh in the dod the Ay he primary ef new or unobvious resi i the ability of one T ANDER ine i) Wa ha DEJACE [Sa weneaeensr Warm aut eae om ae ~O Etats-Unis Ft Ge ow omati & Se St gueS. FT or awe a Qe ee ££ nh Ce et ot x 14 661.6 Wt ate rae as ee fw ae 8 an b! a. che Looe se & aw qs CeUx COU) DS DIC XAPTONS PEC ee eee ewe ee eee ee ieee ee eneee: JIND Ee somes Chere st comprising = YY, Ad el a ~ being = neans for a ~ >) é > - ; Cn OR rf VU LL ate Fs UW of chamber, waid carrier to be * barre : e2 Wd ry | mounted ~? § = ° 4 ~p 38 ” coopera- the controlled by aER ective a ~~ carrier movement px rencderead receiver, cartridge position s ’ 2 Fe >. - feeding ees slidingly ree movable @ e when the sa a orward ineff having a cartxr said receiver, ver, a forward into e a 2eround firea chamber, said bree bolt movable movembnt | said chamber, said ad being recipro catingly carrier 1€ bake) cooperating breech carrier bolt for S mounted with and feeding a including means for supportinga chamber, a carrier-control- rae the +e a cartridge Que? RITZ-CARLTON MADISON AIR MAIL ® AIR AVENUE MAIL *® AND HOTEL FORTY-SIXTH New York AIR MAIL ® AIR STREET MAIL &® AIR MAIL | PAUL aver Si AE AG. : . Yb omenea C2000? 5 DP Georg reed /VMALE Aer : ALE 2a OGG. on is XIS ee -C (C0 (te s ae r yn nase e/ 4a OfFUtCA os de mtat a d edade YGatten dt Do {/ COACNICOMLE tet sal VAABE’ , » P 7 hewre, ¢ , , FT, jie, a 2 Charge to the account of. CLASS OF SERVICE DESIRED DOMESTIC TELEGRAM ORDINARY a SERIAL DEFERRED OVERNIGHT TELEGRAM SPECIAL 2 he CABLE ' 2 ie : —_ A. ; aN: x ig A. l LF ‘ NEWCOMB CARLTON CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD N. WILLIAMS PRESIDENT | J.C. WILLEVER FIRST VICE-PRESIDENT Send the following telegram, subject to the terms on back hereof, which are hereby agreed to Mr. Paul Hote sly fadison and forty a Ri sexe N we oe | V eqacie da OQ si» Merci fs 3 +, W ae V Bf votre environ sixth 51% lettre suis 3 vous fache mamquer Ww. elig First ae ae ee «WLS OX i. ty" Maeve Sece #% ‘4 2 : Br owning Building. votre rencontrer meilleurs Browning y fi WANT e 2 2/7 hereux Val A, a Included Val ve TIME FILED f A REPLY? “Answer by WESTERN UNION” or similar phrases may be flexi > aA Rit g—Carlton ACCOUNTING INFORMATION : : g s. SERVICE RADIOGRAM Patrons should check class of service desired: otherwise the message will be transmitted as a telegram or ' ordinary cablegram. “\ Ne ; NIGHT LETTER SHIPS CHECK GOey Bro wnaing Ye & without charge. Charge to the account of J CLASS OF SERVICE DESIRED\ DOMESTIC CABLE TELEGRAM AY é tsar Ty Cia. very DILOWNLING OGUEN, UUe, UTAH J ORDINARY XN ACCOUNTING INFORMATION LETTER SERIAL DEFERRED NIGHT LETTER NIGHT VW LETTER | A TIME Patrons should check class of service desired; otherwise the message will be transmitted as a telegram or so Be one Je A. ordinary cablegram. N. NEWCOMB CARLTON GHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD WILLIAMS PRESIDENT J.C. WILLEVER FIRST VICE-PRESIDENT PILED ‘\ Send the following message, subject to the terms on back hereof, which are hereby agreed to WANT A REPLY ? “Answer by WESTERN UNION” or similar phrases included without = Sp he Li & i i> YO Ui att ITIONS i t7 UUNUDULILUND athena GUBEN oi mist oT as Timm bmii amMnAn o TOE TYKREMY 4 ADiu 4. ri ; ' ue ads \ Lf ij BINT as Li rr 7s ef = : iuik STH -P GAL (LIEST T iTITADYW ' : Uli = JANUARY ‘ ) T RTI powé ; 3 AW dt. dos co . ‘. ri & fmt V = a cUfTt ; ; i iL dnd LAS Li § + id ¢ A LisAb Lily SAL TT/ yy i co HOUSE i g. i yu“a is’ 4 ee rm | LL | : Z [ ~~?* 4 Hew batt Wisassibas 22 (lia Dit ‘¥ AIT OATS INL ; dado nw Vis IN may be charge. Charge to the account of J CLASS OF SERVICE DESIRED DOMESTIC CABLE TELEGRAM AY SF {st s Pee es ae if Vv ‘ ha asf ; J URGENT RATE SERIAL DEFERRED NIGHT NIGHT LETTER Patrons should o SENS = as u ORDINARY LETTER desired; ere ~~ \a ACCOUNTING 2 LETTER A otherwise the message will transmitted asa telegram or ordinary cablegram. ee be A. f N. WILLIAMS ae NEWCOMB PRESIDENT CHAIRMAN a, = 4 E.. \ sor check class of service wy X CARLTON OF THE Ae J.C. BOARD : \ WILLEVER FIRST VICE-PRESIDENT TIME INFORMATION PILED ‘ Send the following message, subject to the terms on back hereof, which are hereby agreed to WANT A REPLY? “Answer by WESTERN UNION” or similar phrases included without LEGIARM ; YOUR _ HAY AND iy LETTER N Q a3 AM may be charge. BEE OCTOBER N j Bb ds iis MALLING ALL TOU FOURTEENTH l NN THERES DOCUMENTS 1 TO BARET iv LAL iN IUFi AAC ‘ YOUR LETTER al URERS ‘a NEW VAL NOVEMBER 1 \ YORK BROWN Ld ( i i L gs NG FIFTEENTH ad Subject T'o From Reference Date Subject To rom Deliveries Me. A. M. Bigelow “sf Browning % tase € Reference Letter Date J, The » vais Browning April 7 1950 development of has been interesting time does seem guns from submitting Belgium a American concerned. prohibitive; and detailed analysis to even Parent Company could not very tion cost, and Pan are observe Parent Company the excise tax of where I on The am, some using bulk air cost of at the the problems. therefore, of freight shipments present not fhe gross margin of $9.50 on the standard FNB well absorb even a $5.00 per gun transporta-~ it probably would be unreasonable to expect agree did not will be In the foreseeable disadvantages will however, certainly to $5.00 absorb the increased, per cost gun. of If the transportation, future, it appears unlikely that be offset by the advantages. We bear the procedure in mind. the will, Belgian Office Air Freight Val A. Browning John VY. Browning April 7, 1950 The American Overseas of airfreighting large too high to This company Airlines representative called of the in recently (their representative had previously called in St. Louis) in answer to our queries on the possibility shipments our guns in of this year, Their offer was approximately the same 97.00 per gun) as Pan American's which we agreed was be considered. seemed to be much more willing to fall (about far bargain or negociate however, and their representative finally came right out and asked me at what price (per gun) we Gs | might consider making the shipments. Not wishing to mention a specific figure and then be unable to back it up if it were met, I replied that I would make no committment without consulting the head offices; I did ship in say however, that I would write him and name him a specific figure and he on his part said they would like to have the information and would try to meet this figure. Therefore I wish you would consider this problem and let me know what price we would consider of this year. Briefly would have paying to guns October making such airfreight shipments the following main advantages: i- I estimate that we could effectively more guns to sell this year which gives of being a year of excellent be some slight slackening in more seasonal. and in November those months obtain about 4,000 _ every indication | er: demand whereas next year'may activity with demand becoming 2As a result we could supply our large clients more adequately which may ease some of the ill will caused by our short supply in the past and put them in a much better frame of mind when considering gues next year. 32 It may be worth whether advertizing as to : list you us pointed in their out. catalo- PAUL BERGHAUS & CoO. AKTIEBOLAG {ESTABLISHED non 1868) TELEGRAPH—-ADDRESS: *BERGHAUS GOTEBORG'"' TELEPHONE NO. 13 21 (SWEDEN) a 28 Aprid 39 Mr. c/o Dear aiagy f-pes to loading kindly in the ack to OF maj be arrangement would let me same for U.S.A. inventor The United I yours am r efer Browning , Nationale Fabrique Vale asks States truly Ie Army 31/3— about pleased 5G if: nexshs li- Ordnance d “Armes write ae er if band— you ested direct Department . to 1950 PauL BERGHAUS & Co. AKTIEBOLAG (ESTABLISHED 1868) ” Game TELEGRAPH—-ADDRESS: “*‘BERGHAUS GOTEBORG" TELEPHONE NO. 13 (SWEDEN) / 31/3- 1950. * 2139 Mr. Vale Browning c/o Fabrique , Herstal-les- de d“Armes Nationale Guerre, Liege (Belgien) HS/KW. T have made in been avproched PI asbandloading order to alter byi a same for who Wers&ll Captain p light for arrangement bandloading . has machinegun — a, ,/ * He is very interested to learn if you would be intefor the American rested to take care of the matter market as he seems to understand thst the American . Army is interested of bandloading —arrangement I have tocday and permit me also written a to enclose which letter explains hear with interest T Nationale to Fabrigue a letter them to copy of thes letter everything . . With from you best Yours Hakon Sjodnh l regards Monsieur Mattlet, Chef de Service, FN. Vente Ce d'Automaticues Américaine et d'occupation de au Superposeds Japon. Votre Letter MM/Du du 21 Avril, Cner. Monsieur 22 Avril, 1950 aux membres de 1'Armée 1950. Mattlet: Comme suite 4 la conversation que nous venons d'avoir, et nous basant sur l'assurance que vous nous avez donnée que ia fourniture du nombre dont nous ayons parlé de fusils Automatiques et Superposeds aux PX an Japon n'affecterait én rien la production et la livraison réguliére et normale des armes nous destinées, et que, de plus, ces armes pour le Japon seraient. préléevées de la production normale et non accrue des les Veuillez recevoir, meilleurs. nulle objection vous @envisagiez fusils Automatiques 4 ce que, dans le ce nouveau régime cher et Superposeds "F.N.", nous l'assurance de mes cadre de nos conventions de fourniture aux PX. Monsieur Mattlet, Jonn Ys « A prewniine,— Ad Vice-President. ce ne voyons sujet (PX), sentiments REG. DU COMMERCE LIEGE COMPTE CHEQUES PosTAUux TELEGR. :“NATIONALE LIEGE 1184 158.22 LIEGE ” 408.00 TELEPHONE NFABRIMETAL7 C6, C trlertetir? ne! - Keg whe -f--g--"™-------rr?j Vente dd =<ts AG oma’ Ame icaine qd Bes OMe CALEL e ste OCCUDaATLON & ee r- 5 BE wa £ f Y if} Ee & 0 oses = 1 ~~ i PR 27 z Soep SardRo y | aeao’ 7] ‘7 re YY? Le § CAs i Net so * - MemMores sche a — Japon, - a Be e pS 8 ra LCOalnes Gp ) 147 yt) , fea cae | Be | UA. oka dee oke WV a an f 211é es a Lt cS ol C r Son at De | v qj ; * $a Be & *%7 Ruta ' COV i, WV ~*~ oei -- * c ~' > An de 1'A ="7# FABRIQUE NATIONALE D’ARMES DE ie GUERRE Feuille fr a ie ©@ --+anenanncns HERSTAL 2 i | = YC LS ;, Y¢ re o VI a 5 wy ew wn whe ( i oko eis ahc™ 2 cy ae, om Ss BLS 2, UL. feeal iS ae LLOSQ © cee rf 5 ' f>~ f at o } ~} oo UL ar) 2? = L 7} fa ~ A. t y? a=a ee Le Te Boke | % COl cr rE Tp | a a 8 sur = env v mS sagé ot 2) Dp plu: vou wy)cy S f rot 00 Ttant G se 7 Yt. c Bh. ourralt ~ O 1 ? <$ ~, weet wt e \* J apon aed Be q = } i 2 GS e7 ce, “rh iL. 2 cS a 65 “3 se Y TY) ind ¢on S ie ? . a A a ed on ae ras aden ar ae 7 oN— wt e > Rak Sar AP eS u Nat : n> Vit o- “4 ‘ Ne ne aya’ live Ld ~ ‘NN 1 o> LA Ne > bat Pat Tae Xe ~ L. SSS nnen 34 ae ondan:’ samnnhsd Belgian To Krom M.A. Office. Browning Browning Reference Date " The Black Days of little pamphlet and for it you are to be 1949 "is a well got up if you are responsible congratulated. it might well be circulated miners themselves. amongst Think the Subject General To John Val From M. Browning A. Browning Reference Date December 15, Enclosed 19,9 herewith is Daddy's reply of the 15th to your cable of the llth. A discussion with him brings out the point that all of us would like FN to understand that we want all of the guns ordered to be delivered to us by the end of the next selling season without any doubt. If this can be done and we can at the same time get the improvements, so much the better, but we must have the guns in any event. As you know, their failure to deliver the guns promised to us has resulted the thirty-one odd thousand promised, we did the two former years and would will with the dealers besides to much we would have done just as have been able to maintain greater advantage. well as our good Daddy's means in a great loss reference as compared to the years to the 15,000 guns from of us to you 'l7 and the 'l\8. 15,000 If they had delivered which we have a merry Christmas indicated to FN that we would like to have for next year in addition to those already ordered. FN can consider that this 15,000 is a firm order and that we will send specifications as they require them. With best wishes a happy New Year, all and Jerry for Sincerely, M. Enel. ect Val ATRMATL A. Browning A. Browning and October Pabrique Nationale d'Armes HerstalelezeLiege, de Zelgium 14, 1949 Guerre SUBJECT: Trademark Centlemen?: Sinee wo are writing another opportune to intorm you of a ohm Inglis Company uses our and gete $ng the benefit of our go our good, ade in thie counter AG your request we consented you (which normally we your sales. marketa are you very had happy letter on this same subject it seene situation which existe in Canada, The name promiscucusly in ite advertising advertising are to be to helpful | publications circulated relinquish accorded to since widely us the in Canadian before in Canada. every the vay contain-~ Se far territery te last war) te and inerease : it happens, however, that exceptionally you have sold cuns in Canada which were refused by our inapeetion for thin barrele or other defects, Meany sueh Supers have 30 inch length barrels with trap grade stocks whieh bear are greatly our trademark, iy Many grace in demand It American Supers able te furious here resulte sportamon whieh our these guns When the free sold 3o the ¢a11 these commendations date wo been defects service cum may have been go to Canada to this in dealers a points te so that redisecuss are We informed, purchase ecuntry him by us. obvious to (which confrontea barrel your attention the may the would us. liability arises thin you he which be aware question of micht and the and they trap are une get cune Canada and not to tell them that obtainable in de not choose refueed become to to him) like shooter. We have The questionof legal defect you supply. Our dealers lese the sales at ua because we cannot explain why bearing cur trademark in the United States, of as thate shooter get from the up problem if we for the case of a to the without suggestionsor ree markings on manue of themy cause injury possibly the at a later guns you Fabrique Nationale facture under license October 14, 1949 from us, ¥ thy Bu. RFE Drowning og. & ry Fabrique Nationale Herstal~lez-Liege, d'Armes de Guerre Belgium SUBJECT: Gentlemen: We have sent you the following se Trademark cable: “FIREARMS INTERNATIONAL AGAIN USES OUR NAME ADVERTISEMENT ANERICAN RIFLEMAN OCTOBER. WE MUST HAVE ASSURANCE THIS WILL CEASE OR WILL BE FORCED TO TAKE ACTION." Wie thank you for your reply as follows: "WE DON'T HAVE AMERICAN RIFLEMAN OCTOBER ISSUE YET STOP EXPECTING MR. WINTER'S VISIT BY THE END OF THIS MONTH OF OCTOBER WE SHALL TAKE ALL NECESSARY ACTIONS IF HIS ANVERTISEMENT HAS GONE BEYOND LIMIT STOP SHALL KEEP YOU INFORMED" | Enelosed American is a memorandum from Mr, Rifleman of October. M. B. Browning with clipping from We have written Mir. Laloux on this subject in the past and have had conversations with him in which the matter has been discussed. “e know that his opinion was not unfavorable towards the mentionof our name by Firearms international in its advertising, and we suppose that that is what is meant by your statement "if his advertisement has gone beyond limit", but nevertheless, we understood that as a friendly gesture toward us he had requested ferred Firearms to refrain from any usage of "Browning". to again request that you intervene with Ur. “inters We have pre- and get assurance that the usage shall stop (as it did for awhile) at once and permanently rather than to take the matter up directly with him at the present time. We have spent years of effort and many thousands of dollars to build up good will for the name in connection with sporting guns in this country, and we intend to prevent it from becoming generic as it has in France and other countries. The ad in question uses “Browning Arms" which is the name of our company. Firearmsis getting the benefit of ovr good will for nothing (Tf it were not beneficial to them, why should he persist in using it?), fully use but is also making it difficult to protect our trademark. in the past we have been forced to inaugurate legal action against one of the important American arms manufacturers and one of the largest mail order houses, and have successstopped them from unauthorized of the name. Fabrique Nationale Any further the limit by us, intercession October 14, 1949 on your but if you feel you have by letting is no unauthorized us know as soon part gone usage would "the be very limit" whatsoever.), as possible. With best regards to all, you \ ! f | Yours | very truly, 4 | Val A. Browning Encl. VAB/co/faw 3 ; President | \ | \ ‘a | ec: cc: dohn Val Browning KM. A. Browning greatly appreciated will us (From our standpoint do a favor Belgian ey 22 4M, eae y ae ; Pay a 3" iP si, Bigelow : A Spee é 4 reduce Beleian vo.NM. b. spowning anak pa} ee a i: y : reading It pvts cc: ec: ’ pt4 PORT uaaeept emoer Aeter Checks “ the John Val's Belaien pay checks where they _ atte Soe him in a position salaries letter A. Browning A. Brov John Val Browning to » of Syptember $39.00 of being are able merited. 20 suggest monthly for to readjust the that you present. the various Subject Trade To tr, Rrom Grant iiMark iM. wr~ i Canadian Bigelow F. ro Supers. Browning Goddard Reference Date September 13, Z. 1919 Was just talking to Mr. Kellogg of Meier & Frank, one of our better dealers located in Portland, Oregon, and he reported that come they down had just seen from Canada, three Browning Superposeds that had All three of these guns had stamped on the barrel, "Browning Arms Company, St. Louis, Mo." all Browning Supers sold in Canada have this stamping, going these to be difficult for us to guns when and if they are turn ever Also, today a wire from a lawyer Canada, was received which asks if Superposed No. down the received If it is servicing of in St. Louis. in Toronto, 1729); had ever been handled out of &t. Louis. Don't know what his intentions were in requesting this information, but apparently the name Browning Arms Company, St. Louis, Mo. was also stamped on the barrel of this gun. JI checked the manifest covering the 340 guns returned to Belgium this year and this serial number was not among those returned; however, serial numbers in that group get all around 1729), This was apparently a Super shipped direct to Inglis, Ltd, in Canada, Probably you are familiar with this information already, Just thought I would pass along what we ran into today. but GPG:ed Ai Pied Yk, wirttttr » PROCS GOTCS pie ante Abe Aprgwee puared 4 a ; L yor Wht ee Y WwW Ge A 9t BE a nt te theotel eee - och / 7 VA Le : fet 609 North Avenue, W. | a McVICKAR AND Telephone & WEstfield 2-4243 HANSON MACHINE CoO. __ WESTFLELD_N— “Tinpsall ad is S cine Ne sheets CA; ibe ee usr iS VAL a oe dana ce 1 fe one Wes es: yO / (4 & by , eae ra oe | sivo orl - “A | partes roe f eee ys a (ree Th as a ae 1 Oe aed = te oe 2 ibe os ae ma Lyestee Auzia. 5 anid La as ag > ‘So & cnx ey ae. Weures i ime Ur ae na : 1e a= CULL ot < a =e isi A, al E Gages | © , ee Le [isha ‘iB | oe bags = nig lh Couserad rate ern f 3 =< os| ae eas ee pe NauUAc - =OR HRAWFO SLAGQAUEN LS UO be ee Ic a a As wees (iw [A cee Cts Ss eS . nS b i} € é: Dir, ee e Lee od i at f coon ay pos Le fener f f ij a4 | | Ft | La (is A i} ci_— AL b (\an-tL : fy ae f go” ee at a UA } h } md CA f ad /U i Pits if [cd t SBicle i ; H anu > ae ee Oe o es —— : : one a) hy Ae hcl ae pasoe > rh u Se ee as ote * oy ie ¥ 14, hdgen tee ra hae? PEs ee x . te Re, ay SA a sadl af Ls 2 * G3 f5. ke ae 4tm ome Do 3 GF a ‘. me ilea <% a Ab een Ay & ; > e — ade fs Soft 7? es Si es Srl» Gra Same Ae R * h, ww Sf > tort : 7 ee ms Nat om a Pa) Sant ib Me noe > by4 t ae mae aie a ne ones < is ao os «,td at+g, ae ime a Fs ba a ime ee gk whe Baral ig * Pe | a ted >{ £%; Ss d % 1c ea vd Se Py 2Prat Moke vm = 7 Cc me -> < i 6r6l £) UY oA /, ISAAA “lao @ O€ 62 8e LZ 92 G2 ¥2 €2 22 TZ 02 GI SI LIST SI PIECE af TTI0T6 8 £9 § T€ Of 62 82 ve £2 22 Te LZ 9 02 GT SIT LIT OT ST PT €rcrrtroré 8 L LVS LSNOnyv 114i 92 1€ OF 62} Of 6) | 82 42 92 SZ wZEZ ZZ) ¢ 4 4 0 61 8 ! ? ¢ Zit t l 9 hy SSL MINS}; SST LMILWAS| NHL GJM INL NOW NNS 6; SSL MINS) SSD LMILWNSIS ST AMILMRSTSS LMILKS Subject FNB To M. A. Browning From Reference Date Defects M. Bigelow Browning My wire July 14th replying to 32 . te - July 15, 1949 Copy of my wire enclosed. You'll note I suggested accepting the 100 guns if knot holes are at least firm. Of course, one can not tell how bad these knots may be but we will try to push the guns out to especially eager dealers and expect to get by if the knots are at all reasonable. The matter of knot holes does not have quite the bad inflection that occurred when we found FN had slipped lead slugs into the buttstocks. action put us somewhat We have been, This latter in the position of appearing to cheat our customer. of course, for some time greatly concerned to ship guns to the trade while times still are good. about our inability This is the basis for our wanting to get as many guns as we possibly can as early as we can in the year. There is no doubt at all about the fact that dealers are becoming scared very fast on the Automatic as well as on the Superposed. Ken O'Rourke reported this morning that Andy Anderson considered the Super too high for his territory. Andy said that he had about $60,000 worth of guns on the rack and that his sporting goods business had fallen off about 33%. M.B.B, 433 LOS RADIO OF CORPORATION SOUTH SPRING ANGELES 13, s OF Ziss SERVICE a Z € E < ~ 2 2 © ws < = ws ag —s* A Ari STREET WIRELE” CALIFORNIA 77 LE PM ON KE MICHIGAN 1181 C.D.MADDRELL REGIONAL MANAGER DI D Dts LUA TD} —f'% TY F abe d Windw LO & DA j rece: DIO ad vant a ‘wate bd iA BP > L VWar * chee 1d snouliad a9 7eS be ad LOM. from i & » ~~ | BO rroad > 7 over by ti a Whew 3 Ve ad ¥ 2 DP ache of 4 eos oe =] our seni 4 2 — * ATTAT ced fADD DAA TUL LLG atta % fa re $ 3 T TUT de basiE 3 TY Totem 4 SF ded Gh. wr rt + = Tr YOU ee vy ev ord a, for a 5 eA, extan rect rx: & a am Qo he LA a Dirt of RCA 7® 2 ;> sh Rad a wOA® ndorsing e & oe “y § =f ao “end? ny & . t " aft er % the L. \ddresg§, D> ¢ ro e It 1 ¢ athe? TT / Ss OCNIPLTINGT OAR COP ATT TCA Vii IN Vv SVU NA T; ONS Wy Li TRT mal iG. eta MEMORANDUM ee MBB. - o> SS May ew 5; Ow SP OD om ch co) eee SED UEP ES SS ow om TE 1949. Re: Automatic and Super Reports to FN, Laloux has submitted a form to me, and Mr, Delvaux has translated it inte English, This represents the information he up to would like to get from us and the arran- gement of it, Please examine and let me know if you if not, please have this tableau can see any objections; brought end of each to him, date month and as sent to possible; this we office will then as near pass it the : Charge to the account of. oy CLASS OF SERVICE DESIRED ORDINARY ee SERIAL OVERNIGHT TELEGRAM a DEFERRED NIGHT LETTER a : | aeshould Patrons : : ee) . = 3 a \ check class of service desired; otherwise the message will be transmitted as a telegramor ordinary cablegram. i F | RADIOGRAM SEC ERVICE ‘\ rE URGENT DAY ; S CABLE DOMESTIC TELEGRAM A. ( N. WILLIAMS | ‘ Oy . NEWCOMB PRESIDENT CHAIRMAN ‘ACCOUNTING | | : LY Y TIME FILED J. BOARD CS. WILLEVER FIRST VICE-PRESIDENT WANT NATIONALE IN ORDER LIEGE CONTINUED SPECIFICATIONS TO BE IN BE NECESSARY MAY COMPETITION MY. NEXT VISIT ORDERS STOP AND GIVEN CHANGING TC BEST LOLI | A REPLY? “Answer by WESTERN UNION” er similar phrases may be included without charge. (BELGIUM) TO ASSURE PRICES een Als af NS Send the following telegram, subject to the terms on back hereof, which are hereby agreed to JULY INFORMATION 3 a : CARLTON OF THE ‘ S, Nae | | | | CQ, Tif tT NG BROWNI DELIVERIES AND AUTOMATIC SHOTGUNS UPON YOUR ESPECIALLY REQUEST ON WITHOUT INTERRUPTION FOR STOP SOME LIGHTWEIGHTS ECONOMIC CONDITIONS ATER YEAR ALSO PROSPECTS THIS AND THIS RE <GARDS Ve A. NEXT BROWNING YS&Ai ADJUSTMENTS TO MEE CAN BE DISCUSSED I FOR ADDITIONAL Mr, M.A, BROWNING, Ogden, Utah, Dear Marriner: I were to Dec, 22, 1948 What would be your reaction if F.N. that they cculd allow Pirearms tell Inc, International to import @ royalty, .22 Automatics, .22 Repeaters, and any pistols which F,N, makes or may make, previding Firearms would sign an agreement our name in any way in the future ? not to use They would, of course, use the F,N, name and mark, I should limit the pistols to the types on which Colts deo not pay us get & royalty. making our 6,35 before turn out .22 repeaters shortly. We would F.N. should Regards, Copy to Mr. get to very long, They expect to at the rate of 50 per day John V, Browiing _/ \. di NTERNATIONAL SERVICE \_ Check the class of service desired ; DOMESTIC SERVICE otherwise this message will be sent asa fullrate telegram Check the class of service desired; otherwise this message will be sent at the full rate FULL RATE TELEGRAM FULL SERIAL NIGHT LETTER DAY "\LETTER [ NO. WDS.-CL. OF SVC. f JOSEPH PD. ORCOLL. CASH L. EGAN, NO. ~ PRESIDENT CHARGE TO THE ACCOUNT RATE DEFERRED CODE NIGHT LETTER OF TIME FILED Send the following message, subject to the terms on back hereof, which are hereby anree dio NATIONALE LIEGE YOUR ON (BELGIUM) LETTER PISTOLS JUNE TWENTY“S1% MANUFAUTURED iN wE is a) CON SENT i RANCE SEM TO REDUCTION OF ROYALTY TO ONE DOLLAR NET TO US IN BROWNING - gurtis Telegraph your order for America’s favorite magazines—HOLIDAY, 1 yr., $5 e the Post, 1 yr., $5 « LapiES’ HomE JOURNAL, 1 yr., $3. All prices U. S. only. Noe charge for wire. Pay Western Union clerk for subscription or when billed by publisher. Publisher will, on subscriber’s request, refund full amount paid for copies not previously mailed. Prices subject to change without notice, BELGIAN EMPLOYEES JUNE 24, 1948 NAME Charles Delvaux Laurens Louis Nicolay Woit $263.55 $263.55 for 6 first weeks of August 1) Par ordre de la Direction, le Laboratoire Central ne peut entreprendre une recherche sur laquelle les renseignements lui fournis comme point de départ seraient insuffisants pour établir un dossier complet par lui-méme, le LL. € 2) Sauf évidence du contraire ou avis contraire, considére que les objets soumis 4 son examen peuvent étre détruits ou rendus inutilisables par les essais, FABRIQUE NATION@ME D’ARMES DE GUESME Laboratoire JAe= Origine | nee Pee GROUPE 74 de l'objet a examiner: MM. BROWNING SAIVE Essais d Bulletin Central ° Résultats a remettre FONDER VERVIER a Nature de l'envoi au Laboratoire. Renseignements concernant cet envoi. — But des essais. 3° complément & notre bulletin /333QU (0) fusil de 1A4 3 du 2/6/1948 fusil automatique de chasse 4 court recul Nouvelles pieces pour modifications; 3 jeux de Galibre piéces pour de dureté 12. Examen la Herstal, automatique apres chasse traitements le mai 1949 Résultats recul » thermiques. Demandé 16 4 court par M.. VERVIER des Essais BICEEENG Désignation = sAcier: | Traitement Duretes obtenues manettes fey (f) superficielle dureté lime ressort 1: 2 : transporteurs arretoirs de transporteurs /297 Ce (T) ressort (T) ressort béquilles (fT) ressort (T) ressort verrous de longuesse VL axes de chiens /II/ En plus 3 tringles Toutes de ressort, 2 vis 3. 44.47 43,47 ie . "9 Fe 3. 46 53. 48 I, 2. de AA 43.47 le Qe (fT) ressort 44 I. Cs 3e| 3 43356-38 4 Es : cS Ta 39.~36- a. 2. | cei 38-45-39 Be 8411 détentes | | 30 i.| (@) ressort Liégeoise /TI7 (T) Imp. arretoirs /929/ W7e/i5e 7 44 &T 43 44 43 du transporteur, l’arretoir 43 tringles de ressort de béquille, dont les dimensions ne perm mettent pas la prise de dureté. ces pieces ont été acceptées dans ces conditions par Herstal, le M; BROWNING. ae 4 VY | 1 j LP ¥ } "/, astA. tghe | VV INTL, © : 4 * a) 6 He . J Les produits fabriqués par la Ford Motor Company (Belgium) S. A. (appelée ci-apres «le Constructeur») sont strictement couverts par la garantie expresse suivante, 4 l’exclusion de toutes autres garanties, conditions et responsabilités quelconques découlant du Droit Commun oy de toute autre source, soit: Si une défectuosité queleconque est découverte dans n’importe quelle piéce des produits et si la ou les pieces pretendues défectueuses sont retournées aux usines du Constructeur tous frais de transport étant payés, dans les six mois qui suivent la date a laquelle ces produits sont délivrés au client, le Constructeur s’engage a les examiner et, au cas ou un défaut queleconque imputable a un vice de construction ou un défaut de matiére, serait découvert a examen, a réparer la piéce défectueuse ou bien a fournir gratuitement une piece neuve en échange. La durée de la garantie est limitée a trois‘ mois pour les organes électriques fabriqués par le constructeur, pour les radiateurs, amortisseurs et glaces de sécurité. Pour les organes électriques et autres produits qui ne sont pas fabriqués par le constructeur, les prescriptions du 5™° alinéa de la garantie s’appliquent. Les appareils récepteurs radiophoniques sont couverts par une garantie de trois mois. En ce qui concerne la Suisse, les piéces censées étre défectueuses doivent étre déposées chez nos Distributeurs ou elles seront examinées par nos représentants. Cette garantie est limitée 4 la livraison gratuite au client, dans les usines du Constructeur, de la ou des piéces neuves ou réparées en échange des piéces reconnues défectueuses par le Constructeur. Lorsque le travail exigé pour le démontage, l’échange et le remplacement des pieces que le Constructeur a reconnues étre défectueuses comme il est dit ci-dessus, est confié par l’acheteur a un Distributeur ene ' officiel, il ne sera rien porté en compte pour ce travail, étant entendu que c’est le Distributeur et non le Constructeur qui sera responsable de l’exécution convenable du dit travail. Le Constructeur n’accorde aucune garantie en dehors de celle précisée dans la présente garantie, mais il désire et attend de ses clients qu’ils examinent soigneusement ses produits avant de les acheter. Les Distributeurs des produits du Constructeur-ne sont-en aucune maniéere les agents légaux, ni les mandataires, ni les préposés du Constructeur et n’ont ni droit ni qualite ni autorisation d’assumer aucune obligation quelconque expresse ou tacite pour le compte du Constructeur ou de lier celui-ci en aucune maniére. Pour l’interprétation de la présente garantie l’expression «produits » signifie et englobe les voitures, les pieces les composant y compris les piéces de rechange fabriquées par le Constructeur, le tout a l’état neuf. Elle ne comprend pas les pneumatiques, les compteurs kilométriques, l’équipement électrique et les autres articles ou produits (y compris la carrosserie) non fabriqués par le Constructeur bien que fournis par lui. Ces produits sont couverts par la garantie eventuelle des fabricants respectifs. Le Constructeur ne donne aucune garantie sur les produits de seconde main, ni expressément, ni tacitement. Les termes de la présente garantie limitent la responsabilité du Constructeur ; celui-ci ne pourra étre rendu responsable des conséquences quelconques d’accidents personnels, de dommages ou de pertes, provenant de quelque défectuosité que ce soit. La présente garantie ne couvre ni les défectuosités causées par la participation aux courses d’automobiles, par le mauvais emploi qui serait fait des divers organes ou par la négligence, ni les défauts que présenteraient les piéces qui ont été soit modifiées en dehors des usines du Constructeur, soit données en location ou dont les numéros didentification ont été modifiés ou enlevés. La présente garantie n’est accordée Vacheteur : diment remplie. (a) formule (e) cette contre que les clauses ci-aprés soient strictement observées par que le numéro du moteur et Te type du véhicule dont proviennent la ou les dites pieces. Au moment méme de l’envoi de la ou des piéces prétendues défectueuses, l’acheteur enverra aux usines du Constructeur par l’entremise du Distributeur, une description compléte de sa réclamation ainsi que les raisons qui l’ont déterminée. Dans tous les cas de réclamation, la décision du Constructeur sera finale et en dernier ressort et l’acheteur s’engage a accepter cette décision sur toutes questions qui se rapportent aux défauts, au remplacement ou 4 Véchange d’une ou de plusieurs piéces. A l’expiration d’un délai de 6 jours 4 dater de l’envoi de la notification de la décision du Constructeur, la ou les piéces soumises pourront étre détruites ou bien retournées en port da par le Constructeur. Si Pacheteur emploie ou permet l’emploi dans sa voiture, de piéces n’étant pas fabriquées ou fournies par le fabricant, la garantie devient nulle. qu’elles sont a été fournie paiement définies LIEGE... enregistré au nom ci-dessus. au client le du prix de Frs. par est condition L’acheteur signera personnellementau moment de l’achat la formule fournie par le Constructeur; il y indiquera son nom, son adresse,.ladate de l’achat, le prix payé, les numéros du moteur et du chassis, ainsi que le nom et l’adresse du vendeur et obtiendra du Constructeur une copie signée de la présente garantie qu’il s’engage 4 exhiber au représentant du Constructeur chargé de l’inspection au cas ou une réclamation serait introduite, Cette garantie ne pourra étre transférée ni cédée 4 qui que ce soit sans accord préalable et écrit du Constructeur. L’acheteur enverra aux usines du Constructeur par l’entremise du Distributeur, la ou les pieces censées ou prétendues défectueuses, immédiatement aprés la découverte du prétendu défaut. Les frais de transport doivent étre payés a l’avance par Vacheteur et la ou les _pieces seront convenablement _emballées en vue _du telles Cette voiture et la ~—Par ta présente nous certifions que la voiture) Lincoln garantie retournera — qu’a oe ou marques 197 MOTOR. No T4155 —--est-couverte par tes Clauses-de lz 5 6 decembre 48 .600 cy : Sorc / teorCn de Kes Le Constructeur (BELGIUM) Monsieur Hotel V.A. d’Anvers No 1591 BROWNING Palace CHAUBFONTAINE Registre du Commerce S. A. Directeur du Service des Ventes CHATEAU = DE VOROUXLIERS S z * LEZ-LIEGE ad. ie. Ce fern une A hy to wohoaut Lem i Ro es gee 4 ' Soaee 4 CR Ge foros b q or «&> Y ae a my & mw 2 8 ww 4 a fe CS :, Rfi bl re{ s pu Ct He Cr Fo ar A te ieee Le Fae WEE e e Ut ee => ry te ( g a, : — f. , a t Jer Prt ea ) 4 ry and Caqagie er Af Ce CCR z » fu sa le- Abs fi ~4iat Jo ees 2 | Cc f- cola e Auia.voss cream oo LSE LF, AS : Vee Zoe = t bonne j CCA lp ¢ bee Paste \/ a ae | JDrc cofe Of, ‘A G4 2 Jq f ty oe fo AAer F “ae oo ' Be / ) ee fe Se / = vo \5_\ \\ a CTlLwvunoce GIA, = — eK: alta Ut hd sia 0 a a or =) A wm 4 Scidicninlen 7 open. ow) (i Of ». TY rae fy » i 4 Geechee =o oh 2 ee a), > y >) J ek (of @ C3) Shy < (CNV fo ol co fot of bre fren cee a —R hh, fe L = JFJOmMnrA|e eis wut > e VILA 22 Mn Ou, OW, IN to ef rhage nH. ae ee Joust {ru ber cAy ye Yor We do tlhe viv cen fee : evo fe cea aprons CO} ca O40? = 4,8? 77S \ > Le ow, 7 age Ct VY ynirms , aU Pe oS porte Pung ‘SIL VW ef frte~ ROR October Banque Generale de Liege et de 21,1958. Huy, Ref "@1 rring to my letter to you of April Sth of this year, = have ‘beet contemplating a visit to Liege dur dng “the latter part of this year, at which time X could have made an attempt to arrange the Clochette matter, since you a parently have been unsuccessful get X am and to Liege writing in X obtaining + find ¢ oO satisfaction, that the sugsest I an satisfaction it ia to you now from that impossible first part willing to let Yours very that, of individual. for next yvear you take for your me and to so protection mn norteare on the property which I own in Rue de Harleg, or indeed to orfter this. _property at Core LO gale to sat3 isfy the amount for which I have given vou my personal signature as an endorsement. truly, October Banque Generale Liese, Beleiun. of year, this Liege during time I could de Liege Referring I have and a < tO my been de Huy, letter to vou contem plating the Latter part of this have made an attempt to Clochette matter, since Successful in obtaining get to Liege < am writing et 21,1933. a of April visit to Sth yea at which arrane re the you avparen tiy have been unsatisfaction fron that ind ivie ual. find that it is now impossible for me to before the Yirst part of next year and so to suggest to you that, for your protection satisfaction, Tf am willing to let you sours very truly, take a norteage the property which I own in Rue de He irlez, or indeed to ffer this property at publie sale to satisfy the anount for which I have given you my personal sienature as an endorsenent. Oetober Banque Generale Liege, Belgiun. of Liege this yeer, during de Referring I the et Liege have to my been latter de &1,- Huy, to letter contemplating part of this you a year, of April at which visit oth to time T eould have made an atterpt to arrange the since you anparentiy have been unClochette matter, individual. from that in obtaining satisfaction suecesusfub T find thet it is now impossible for me to and so get to Lieze before the first part of next year n protectio your for that, you to suegest to writing an T and satisfaction, I am willing to let you take 4 mortgage on the property which I own in Rue de Harleg, or indeed to offer this property at public sale to satisfy the amount for which I have given you my personal signature as an endorsement. Yours very truly, “CC: Me Me As r@-< Ste Louis, August Mr e Ve Ae Country Dear Moe 1958 Browning, Club, Farmington, 15, Comme Val: I am Schroeder this morning in receipt of yours of August leth and return herewith original letter from hime regarding I can I suggest we have Schroeder's son come on to Ste Louise keep him busy for a time, which will afford an opportunity for me to size him up and sort of get acquainted with him and I feel confident T cen place him in other concerns where he will get a broader and While I have more varied experience during the time he is heree not discussed it with the bank I am sure I can arrange for him either through the bank or through connections outside the banke We have contacts with the Emerson Electric Company, for example, which is a big manufacturer here employing 3000 to 4000 people and who are developing an export businesse The Reardon Company, @ manu= facturer, while much smaller is developing export business and who enter en entirely different field, is a good Djtete outfit. If feel reasombly sure that I can put him in either of these places. After he arrives I can see more what he would like to get and believe [ conhelp him accomplish his objective and will be glad to do soe [n the long run it might be good business on our part, but anyway be a pleasure to help a young man who is so ambitious as fellow seems to be and the effort won't necessarily have by a selfish motive, so suggest you tell the boy to come try and take care of him heree it will this young to be inspired on and we shall I judge he will probably leave there in October and make this his honeymoon trip, which would put him here during our busiest season, but even so I am sure we can take care of hime With kind regards, Sincefe} ¢ Ck. ceunoLose - BoeULe 8, RUE IEGE SIMONON TELEPHONE Z0th. Miy dear Browning, family in the 1 have not for a long time and best of health.- 108.48 July 1938. had any news from you I sincerely hope that and you your are Here, all is going on smoothly and after our two daughters, my son Jean has also decided to marry; he is engaged to a very kind girl from the neighbourhood of Antwerp and will probably be married next October.As I have already mentioned to you, I should like Jean to have some knowledge of the american commercial life and 1 herewith ask you if it would be possible for you to take him as a volunteer.in your Offices at St. Louis for a few months.perhaps him and States much 4.+f you have the least objection to this, find another important firm willing to accept you judge of interest to him.- could that and He would leave with his wife for the United L feel sure that a stay in your country would very increase the practical Europe.=- commercial experience acquired in will do trouble I thank you in anticipation for for me in thts instance and I apologize I am giving you, L remain, my dear ST. LOUIS.—_ all for Browning, Yours Mr. VAL BROWNING, he sincerely, were has you the a pace - 231 XNCHOA avait NvaLlvH? SUAIT- Ad \| M