GEORGE ~SOKOLSKY New Experience for Japanese: Fear of Growing Giant China ‘Prior to 1853, for three centuries, _of political Jchane: partly by subJapan was completely isolated from verting. the Anfu Club, the political the rest of the world, except for power in Peking, attempted to set an annual trading visit of a Dutch up a suzerainty over China. ship. In 1853, Commodore Matthew. Although the United States conHO Perry of the. United States Navy. doned all of Japan’s actions in — sailed into Yedo Bay and opened China, there was nevertheless deep — | Japan to international trade and concern in this country because of. commerce. -them. American missionaries and Japan was governed by a shogun. businessmen, resident in China, en(a mayor of the palace), the Em-. couraged Chinese students in the peror being a deified nonentity. great students strike of 1919 which The United States supported the closed down China tight, not a wheel _ Emperor against the Shogun. In moving or a shop selling any goods. 1868, a revolution in Japanese gov- The strike was to prevent the Chiernment occurred. The shogun was’ nese government from signing the abolished; a parliament (the Diet) Paris treaty. China. did not sign. was established and a_ cabinet. ‘CHINA BOYCOTTS responsible to the Diet came into Anti- Japanese boycotts were reexistence. Commissions were sent to every. current in China and these created | part of the world to study how oth- antagonism against the United er nations conducted themselves; States in Japan because it was gen- — - and many of the methods employed erally assumed that the. United in other countries. It is interesting States and Americans in China into read a statement of Japan’s de- stigated these anti-Japanese actions velopment by Prince. Ito who was | in China. By 1921, this situation had _ the architect of the New Japan. He become so ugly that Americans who lived: in the Far East expected war begins: “T have always been. very. “much ‘any day. In 1922, the Washington ‘in favour of the adoption: of the conference was held at which many ~ principles of western civilization by. of the outstanding issues between | Japan, and I have been enabled: to.. the United States and Japan were use my services in the direction of | believed: to have been settled. Japan, however, faced a very assisting the present progress and _ transformation in Japan’s estate. ‘difficult situation, not unlike the d, In the 34 years during which I have present one. Japan is only 20 per _ held office I have always tried to cent arable. Its food supply is inhelp, and sometimes even to force adequate for so large a population on to the antagonistic spirits, meas- (currently. about 90,000,000). It is -ures ‘necessary for the growth of very poor in minerals. It is a land of unbelievable beauty but its peomodern. Japan. From the: beginning we realized. ple have to work hard to eke out a fully how necessary it was that the. living. If Japan possessed Man_Japanese people should not only -churia, it would be sufficiently supadopt western methods, but should: plied: with food, coal and iron to also speedily become competent to provide for its needs. Therefore, do without the aid of foreign in-. ‘Japan’s policy always had it as . _ struction and supervision... a goal to own. Manchuria. Japan’s best, market is the United , GREAT POWER States but that is an illogical marWhat Prince Ito accomplished ket. now. In a former period, Japan after 1868 was that Japan became sold its silk crop to the United the first great power in modern States and purchased its cotton Asia. In 1894-95, Japan. challenged | vcossities here. However, silk has the authority of China, fought a’ war, took Formosa, became suzer- -become. a secondary crop, rayon, ain of Korea. In 1904-05, Japan nylon and other synthetic products challenged Russia’s development in. having taken its. place. From an. - Manchuria, fought a war with Rus-» sia, defeated Russia and by the treaty of Portsmouth gained half of Manchuria, a control of the southern end of the Manchurian’ economic standpoint, the sound market for Javan is China, but JaPpan’s trade with Red China is. lim- Mongolia. In 1914, Japan became an ally - of the anti-German nations, took from Germany her possessions® in: /Shantung Province, and by a series’ the trend of European economic activities will be against them. This is the first time in Japanese history that there has been fear of China, but it is there now. ited. This is particularly important to: railroad, gained a foothold in Inner the. Japanese as they realize that Li eee ay |