Pg. 16 put into molds and placed on a smooth surface and dried in the sun. Most of the houses had the old fashioned fire place in which sage and oak brush were burned. The dutch-ovens and baking kettles were used for roasting meat amid making bread and cake. Lean, dried meat and potatoes were used. And the women made preserves and jam from choke-cherries and service berries. Candy was made form molasses, and molasses from sugar cane. The pioneers made their own furniture, if they had any. Practically all the team work – plowing, logging, road-making and traveling – was done by oxen. These were yoked to the wagon and guided only by the “Gee” and “Haw” of the driver. Grain was harvested with a cradle or a sickle, considerable work was required to handle a crop. Threshing was done by beating the grain out with a flail, or having the cattle tramp it out, often placing it on a wagon cover and then removing it in the wind. Pg. 17