Terrorism was not yet a major concern within the United States when the end of the Cold War was forecast in November 1989 with the fall of the Berlin Wall. President George H. W. Bush and Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev signed the Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty on July 31,1991, limiting ICBMs and outlining their destruction. "Disarmament began with snow shovels at dawn," wrote a reporter for the Rapid City Daily Journal, near one launching site. "Six hours later, a Minuteman II intercontinental ballistic missile was stored safely in its transporter/erector truck." The major Cold War antagonists "took a break" from the nuclear arms race during the remainder of the 1990s. The science supporting nuclear proliferation gradually convinced political leaders on both sides of the world that if they fought World War III with nuclear weapons, the next war would be fought with sticks and stones.