THE SALT LAKE TRIBUNE, WEDNESDAY MORNING, JANUARY 1, 1936. Chronological Record of Chief News Happenings Throughout World in 35 Wire Association Editors Pick Years Biggest Stories The biggest news stories of 1935, as compiled by executives of the Associated Press and the United Press, were listed December 31. The selections of J. M. Kendrick, executive news editor of the Associated Press, follow: 1. Rogers-Post crash 2. Trial and conviction of Hauptmann. 3. Huey Long assassination. 4. Economic improvement and court attacks on the new deal. 5. Italo-Ethiopian war. 6. German rearmament. 7. Sinking of the Mohawk. 8. Midwests dust storms. 9. Weyerhaeuser kidnaping. 10. Barbara Huttons divorce, re-marriage. The ten best stories as compiled by United Press executives follow: 1. Hauptmann trial. 2. N R A decision. 3. Assassination of Senator Long. 4. Italo-Ethiopian war. 5. Death of Will Rogers and Wiley Post. 6. Gold clause ruling by United States supreme court. 7. German rearmament. 8. Death of Queen Astrid. 9. Inauguration of airmail service across the Pacific. 10. Mysterious disappearance of Sir Charles Kingsford-Smith over the Bay of Bengal. The following ten stories are the selection of W. F. Brooks, another executive news editor of the Associated Press: 1. Italo-Ethiopian war. 2. Rogers-Post crash. 3. Hauptmann trial. 4. Invalidations of N R A. 5. Huey Long assassination. 6. Extension of new deal. 7. German rearmament. 8. Florida Keys hurricane. 9. Inauguration of air traffic over the Pacific. 10. Sinking of the Mohawk. History-Shaping Events Mark Day-Journal for Year JANUARY January 2- Trial of Bruno Hauptmann in Lindbergh case begins in Flemington, N. J. January 3 Seventy-fourth congress convenes. January 4- President Roosevelt, addressing both branches of congress, states federal relief must end. Outlines plans to place 3,500,00 at subsistence wages on public works projects noncompetitive with private enterprise. January 7- Supreme court holds invalid section 9 (c) of national recovery act. This was section of oil code authorizing president to bar interstate shipment of oil produced in excess of state quota. January 7- President Roosevelt, in annual budget message, asks for eight and one-half billion dollars for fiscal year. January 11- Implications of gold clause cases now before supreme court cause violent speculative movements in government bonds, stocks and commodities. January 13- Saar territory votes 90.8 per cent for return of the territory to Germany. January 17- League of Nations awards Saar to Germany from March 1. January 17- President Roosevelt offers social security plan. Provides old-age pensions but joint contributions of workers and employers and a system of unemployment insurance. January 24- Ward liner Mohawk in collision off New Jersey coast, beached and sinks; 53 passengers and crew saved. January 26- Martial law declared in Baton Rouge; nations guardsmen force surrender of Square Deal association, anti-Long organization. January 29- Administration loses world court fight; senate votes 5236, two-thirds necessary. January 30- Soviet announces that army numbers 940,000. January 31- Automobile manufacturing code extended to June 16, the date of expiration of N R A. FEBRUARY February 2- Reciprocal trade treaty between the United States and Brazil is signed by President Roosevelt. Treaty provides for large reductions of tariff on raw materials from Brazil and on American exports of manufactured goods into Brazil. It is expected to be the forerunner of a series of unilateral trade agreements. February 4- President Roosevelt signs bill authorizing increase of government securities to 45 billions and providing for the issue of baby bonds. February 12- U.S. navy dirigible Macon wrecked, sinks in Pacific about a hundred miles south of San Francisco. Eighty-one officers and members of crew out of total of 83 saved. February 13- Bruno Hauptmann convicted of murder in the first degree by New Jersey court. February 18- Gold Clause decision. Supreme court, in five-to-four decision, rules that holders of bonds containing the gold clause must accept payment in depreciated dollars. February 20-President Roosevelt asks congress for a two-year extension of N R A. February 27- Judge Nields, federal district court of Delaware, dismisses government suit against Weirton Steel company, declares section 7a of N I R A (collective bargaining clause) unconstitutional. February 27- Judge Dawson in Louisville, Ky., grants an injunction against enforcement of the bituminous coal code on constitutional grounds. MARCH March 1- The Saar returns to Germany. March 1- Treasury begins sale of baby bonds. March 4- Great Britain announces new defense policy; will materially strengthen all armed forces. March 6- Oliver Wendell Holmes dies at his home in Washington within a few days of his ninety-fourth birthday. He served 29 years as associate justice of the supreme court of the United States until his retirement in 1932. March 7- Sir Malcolm Campbell sets new land speed record, 276.8 miles per hour, at Daytona Beach, Fla. March 10- Treasury announces all outstanding national bank notes will be retired with part of the devaluation profit. March 11- Government forces crush Venizelist revolt in Greece; Venizelos flees country. March 14- Treasury calls all outstanding First Liberty loan bonds, 1,933,000,000 for redemption June 15. March 15- The senate votes President Roosevelt power to control wages on public works projects. March 16- German Government announces universal conscription to begin immediately; will bring army to about 500,000 men. Action abrogates treaty of Versailles completely. March 19- Belgian cabinet resigns over belga crisis. March 22- House passes Patman bonus bill, calling for payment of 2,000,000,000 in greenback currency. March 24-26- Sir John Simon and Anthony Eden visit Berlin to discuss armaments. Chancellor Hitler flatly rejects proposals for a working agreement with France and England; will make no concessions until German demands are met. March 28- Anthony Eden arrives in Moscow from Berlin to confer with Litvinoff and Stalin. Results of discussion are considered highly satisfactory by both sides. APRIL April 1- Supreme court rules Scottsboro defendants must have a new trial. April 2- Mayor Edward J. Kelly of Chicago reelected; receives 75 per cent of votes cast. April 4- Administration announces it will seek supreme court ruling on national industrial recovery act through Schechter poultry case. April 8- Nazis fail in Danzig election; receive 59.9 per cent of votes cast; fall short of two-thirds necessary to alter constitution. April 8- Adolph S. Ochs, publisher of the New York Times, dies in Chattanooga, Tenn., aged 77 years. April 8- 4,880,000,000 work relief bill is signed by president. April 10- Treasury raises buying price of newly-mined domestic silver to 71 cents from the 64 12 cents in effect since December 21, 1933. April 10-14- French-Italian-British conference at Stresa; powers agree to act in close and cordial collaboration in case of unilateral repudiation. April 17- League of Nations council votes censure of Germany for repudiation of contractual obligations. Return of Germany to the league appears remote. April 21- Easter Sunday. April 22- Earthquake devastates Formosa; dead reported, 2471. April 24- Treasury buying price of newly-mined silver raised to 77 12 cents. April 25- Unemployment insurance initiated in New York state as Governor Lehman signs ByrneKillgrew bill. April 26- World price of silver goes to 81 cents, 4 cents over treasury price. April 28- President Roosevelt, in another fireside talk, stresses social security. MAY May- Senate finance committee votes to extend N I R A ten months, from June 16, 1935, to April 1, 1936, in an amended form, eliminating price-fixing and jurisdiction over intrastate commerce. May 2- Premier MacDonald announces plan for increasing British air fleets in view of German air program. May 2- French-Russian mutual assistance pact signed, provides for joint measures in the case of aggressive action against either contracting party. May 6- U. S. Senator Bronson Cutting killed in an airplane crash, while en route to Washington to vote on the bonus bill. May 6- Supreme court, in five-to-four decision, holds the railroad retirement act unconstitutional; rules that matters pertaining solely to the social welfare of workers lies outside the orbit of congressional power. Decision causes misgivings in congress about constitutionality power. Decision causes misgivings in congress about constitutionality of pending social security bill. May 7- Patman bonus bill passed by senate. May 8- General Motors reports that automobile sales for the first four months this year are larger than in any year since 1929. May 10- Rear Admiral Richard E. Byrd lands in Washington on return from second Antarctic expedition. May 12- Marshal Pilsudski, Polish dictator, dies at Warsaw. May 13- T. E. Shaw, Lawrence of Arabia, is fatally injured in motorcycle crash near his home in Dorset. May 18- Soviet airplane Maxim Gorky, worlds largest, crashes near Moscow, killing the 48 people on board. May 22- President Roosevelt vetoes Patman bonus bill, setting a new precedent by reading veto message in person before in joint session of congress. House votes to override in less than an hour. May 23- Senate sustains presidential veto of cash bonus; 40 senators vote to uphold president. May 23- Bank of France raises discount rate from 2 12 per cent to 3 per cent, due to heavy loss of gold. U. S. dollar has been about gold point because of lack of shipping capacity. May 24- Italy agrees to submit Ethiopian question to League of Nations arbitration. May 24- Crown Prince Frederik of Denmark marries Princess Ingrid of Sweden in Stockholm. May 25- Bank of France raises discount rate again to 4 per cent, the highest in seven years, due to speculative attack and the dubious political situation. May 27- In three important decisions the supreme court gives the new deal its worst setback to date. In Schechter poultry case: Unanimously hold national industrial recovery act unconstitutional, denies the power of congress to regulate intrastate commerce, voids the 750 codes in effect. Unanimously declares unconstitutional the Frazier-Lemke farm mortgage moratorium act on the grounds that it violates the fifth amendment. Unanimously finds the dismissal of William E. Humphrey from the federal trade commission illegal, holds that term of office is fixed by law and removal must be for statutory cause. May 30- Flandin government loses in dramatic session of chamber. May 31- Fernand Bouisson forms new government; insists upon and receives powers which were denied Flandin. May 31- Terrific earthquake in British Baluchistan. Especially heavy loss of life in Quetta, the capital. Fatalities exceed 20,000 in Quetta alone. JUNE June 2- Babe Ruth quits Braves; leaves organized baseball. June 3- King George V celebrates seventieth birthday. June 4- Bouisson cabinet, four days old, falls by close margin over financial situation. June 6- Lord Byng, the hero of Vimy Ridge, former governor general of Canada, dies at his home in Engles, aged 72 years. June 7- Pierre Laval forms cabinet. Situation in France becomes quieter; confidence in the frac re-established. June 7- Stanley Baldwin succeeds MacDonald as prime minister. June 10- Grass Roots Republicans meet in Springfield, Ill., make states right and individual liberty keynote. June 13- James J. Braddock wins worlds heavyweight championship from Max Baer in Long Island City. June 16- President Roosevelt sets up organization to administer skeletonized N R A until June 1, 1936. June 18- Anglo-German naval treaty signed in London gives Germany 35 per cent of British tonnage and 45 per cent in submarines. French perturbed. June 19- President, in tax message to congress, proposes heavier taxation of very large incomes and a graduated corporate income tax. Purpose, to encourage smaller units in business. June 26- United States agrees to pay Panama canal annuity in gold. Upholds treaty of 1904. JULY July 1- House defeats the utility holding company death sentence, 216 to 146, the worst setback the president has received in congress. July 2- House passes its own, less drastic, utilities bill. July 8- Thirty-seven drowned and 10,000,000 property damage in floods in upstate New York. July 13- A one-year soviet-United States trade treaty is signed in Moscow. July 16- Court of appeals in Boston rules A A A processing tax illegal in Hoosac mills case; government will appeal. July 22- British government definitely abandons idea of naval quotas; plans conference in 1942. July 28- Ethiopians attack an Italian force claimed to have been on Ethiopian territory. Further troop movements reported on both sides. AUGUST August 1- Fifty-five dead in soviet submarine disaster. August 1- The administration death sentence utility holding company bill, already passed by the senate, is rejected again by the house. August 3- League of Nations votes to delay for a month any consideration of the Ethiopian situation. August 6- Charles R. Risk, Republican and outspoken against the new deal, defeats the Democratic candidate in Rhode Island special congressional election. August 14- The social security bill, providing unemployment insurance and old age pensions is signed by the president. August 16- Will Rogers and Wiley Post are killed in airplane crash near Point Barrow, Alaska. August 18- Mussolini rejects British and French proposals at Paris; three-power conference collapses. August 22- Department of agriculture announces 9 cents a pound will be loaned to cotton farmers instead of the 12 cent loan in effect this year. August 22- The Barkdey compromise in the utilities bill is passed by the house. August 23- The Guffey-Snyder coal bill and the Frazier-Lemke farm bankruptcy act passed by congress. The Frazier-Lemke act is designed to overcome the defects in the original act, which was held unconstitutional. August 23- Social credit sweeps Alberta; candidates of the Social Credit league get 59 out of 63 seats. August 24- Great Britain moves Mediterranean fleet to stations around the Suez canal. August 24- Senate passes neutrality resolution, embargoing arms shipments for six months. The utility holding company control bill was also passed and sent to the president when senate adopted conference report from the house. August 27- The seventy-fourth congress adjourns. The third deficiency bill, providing appropriation for the social security act is killed as Senator Long filibusters from 6:30 to midnight. August 28- President Roosevelt, at press conference, says that due to loss of third deficiency bill, action on social security act will not be taken until congress convenes next January. August 29- Astrid, queen of the Belgians, is killed in automobile crash at Lake Lucerne. King Leopold, who was driving, is not seriously injured. August 31- Premier Mussolini will call 200,000 more men to the colors; will make total of 1,000,000 under arms. SEPTEMBER September 1- Shipping board figures how east-bound travel has been heavier this year than in any year since 1929. September 3- Sir Malcolm Campbell sets new record of 301 m. p. h. at Bonneville salt flats, Utah. September 4- League of Nations begins discussion of Italo-Ethiopian question. September 6- President Roosevelt announces that there will be a breathing spell for business. September 8- Senator Huey Long is shot by Dr. Carl Weiss at the state capitol, Baton Rouge. Dies two days later. September 15- Premier Laval promises naval aid to Great Britain if British fleet is attacked September 15- German government proclaims swastika emblem national flag. September 21- Italian government turns down the League of Nations proposals for settling Ethiopian dispute. September 25- Ethiopia begins to mobilize forces along border. September 27- President Roosevelt pledges to maintain the relative naval strength of the United States under all circumstances. September 29- In a supplemental budget message, President Roosevelt estimates deficit for current year at one and one-fourth billion less than previous estimate. OCTOBER October 2- Italian forces begin invasion of Ethiopia; 50,000 men reported to have advanced from Eritrea. October 4- French cabinet unanimously supports Premier Laval in agreement with England. October 6- Adowa and Adigrat are captured with England. October 6- President Roosevelt issues proclamation warning Americans against traveling or shipping on the ships of a belligerent. October 6- League of Nations council finds Italy guilty of act of aggression under article XII. October 7- Detroit Tigers win worlds series; beat Cubs, 4-3, in sixth game. October 10- Fifty-one members of the League of Nations vote to apply sanctions to Italy; two countries, Austria and Hungary, refuse to join. October 10- Royalist coup d etat establishes monarchy in Greece. Marshal Kondylis overthrows Tsaldaris government and becomes premier. October 18- Strained situation in Mediterranean relieved as Italy and Greaty Britain resume direct negotiations. Premier Laval promises unconditional aid in case of an unprovoked attack on the British navy. October 19- League of Nations votes boycott on Italy; war materials not to be shipped, either directly or indirectly, to Italy. October 30- It is announced that 45 cents a bushel will be loaned on corn by the Commodity Credit corporation. NOVEMBER November 2- New York automobile show opens. November 4- Hurricane hits Miami; three dead, heavy property damage. November 5- Republicans carry New York state; win majority of 14 in assembly. November 7- Judge William C. Coleman, in the federal district court at Baltimore, rules that the 1935 utility act unconstitutional in its entirety. November 7- Chancellor Hitler dissolves the Stahlhelm, German veterans organization. November 8- Italians take Makale and Gorahei. November 10- A A A reports def- (Continued on Following Page)