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Show LETRS based spelling curriculum 7 shaping spelling methodology. He recommended that no more than 15 minutes should be spent on spelling instruction. He also suggested that word lists should be carefully selected with a combination of frequently used words and vocabulary appropriate for intellectual development. Lastly, he believed that the teacher’s skills are key to effective spelling instruction and a variety of methods should be used accordingly (Hodges, 1977). In the early 20th century more research continued and some found memorization of lists with no orthographic principles to be problematic (Schlagal, 2002). There was enough scientific evidence that by 1919 Ernest Horn was able to prepare a list of forty-one principles of spelling methods. He noted that it is most important to discover words that are most frequently used and then find the most economical methods of learning those words (Hodges, 1977). In the early 1920s Ernest Horn and Ernest Ashbaugh created an evidence-based spelling textbook that included grade appropriate spelling lists, daily and weekly word study exercises, writing and testing. The textbook became the best-selling spelling book for the next 25 years (Pan et al., 2021). It wasn’t until the 1930s that educators began to create spelling lists that came from most frequently used word lists in reading and writing. Afterwards those high frequency words were categorized into groups relating to spelling difficulty (Schlagal, 2002). Research continued to look more into best methods for memorization. One popular method was called the study method where students would: look at the word, pronounce the word, close their eyes and visualize the word, write the word, check their spelling and repeat if necessary. Another method was called the practice method, where any words that were misspelled would be written three times correctly. Another investigation explored the effectiveness of a test-study-test method versus a study-test method. It was found that the test-study-test method had the best spelling gains compared to any other instructional design at |
