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Show LETRS based spelling curriculum 24 which says reading is achieved with letter-by-letter processing of the word. The fifth principle is, “Four-Part Processing Model for Word Recognition vs. the Three-Cueing System model” which supports that students need to be taught how orthography maps to speech, print patterns and speech sounds. Students depend on syntax and semantics to guess unknown words. The sixth principle is, “Reading Rope” which describes reading skills symbolized by strands of a rope that lead to fluent reading. These strands are necessary for language comprehension and word comprehension. The strands are somewhat independent and are definable and measurable. The seventh principle is, “Levels of Skill in Phonological and Phonemic Awareness” which states that there are three levels of phonemic awareness: early, basic and advanced. There is instruction and assessment in all levels of skills that are important for helping struggling readers. The eighth principle is, “Vocabulary and Reading Comprehension” which argues that reading and vocabulary comprehension are highly correlated to each other. Vocabulary is the most important factor of reading comprehension. The ninth principle is, “Lexical Quality” which describes the nature of a high-quality representation of stored word image that enables orthographic mapping. The last principle is, “Mental Model” which states that a good reader develops an overall representation of the text as it progresses (Moats & Tolman, 2019). By 2022, twenty-three states had adopted LETRS to provide some level of statewide training. About 200,000 teachers total were enrolled in the training. The reason LETRS became so popular was because of the “Mississippi model.” In 2014, the state of Mississippi revamped their entire literacy program, including professional development. The revamp was a huge success. It wasfound thatit increased teacher knowledgeand improved teacher practice. In 2019, the National Assessment of Education Progress showed that Mississippi students madebig reading gains. It should be noted that Mississippimade more changes than just implementing the |
