surgical dressings now carried on in 572 chapters, has been sufficient since the beginning of the war to meet all current requests from abroad. Over 25,000,000 surgical dressings had been shipped overseas by June 30, 1941. Another 60,000,000 are now in production. Junior Red Cross War Relief Activities The American Junior Red Cross, a division of membership of the Amer¬ican Red Cross with an enrolled group of over 9,500,000 boys and girls of school age, has taken an important part in the war relief program of the Red Cross. By the end of June 1941, the Junior members had contributed through their National Children's Fund $219,937 for relief projects for the benefit of children in the war areas. These funds have been used to provide food, clothing, and medicines for child war victims in Great Britain, France, Poland, China, Finland, and Greece. Clothing and bedding as well as books and toys have been bought for the children evacuated from the cities of Great Britain. Large numbers of British children under five years of age whose homes were bombed are being cared for in country nursery homes. A trainload of evaporated and dried milk, clothing, concentrated soups, chocolate, and prepared baby foods was sent from Switzerland to France for French children as well as for child refugees from Belgium and the Netherlands. For the children of Poland, clothing, bedding, and medicines were provided. Clothing and food were sent to the child war sufferers of Finland. Children in China received vitamin tablets and other medicines flown by clipper across the Pacific and carried by truck along the Burma Road. Supplies of food, materials for clothing, and medical supplies were sent to assist children in Greece. More than 200,000 articles of clothing have been made by the Juniors for refugee children as a part of the American Red Cross war relief production program. These garments have been made by Junior Red Cross members both in their home economics classes in school and on a volunteer basis out¬side of school. Boys as well as girls have participated in the making of the garments. They also helped to pack the boxes for shipment, and those who are members of the motor corps of the Junior organization helped in the collection of the materials. Hundreds of layettes, girls' dresses, shirts, over¬alls, caps, and sweaters have been among the garments included in the cloth¬ing which has been sent abroad as a contribution from the Junior Red Cross. Thousands of gift boxes have been sent by the Junior Red Cross to the children suffering under war conditions in Europe and Asia. The gift boxes, packed with simple articles many of which were made by the children them¬selves, not only helped to cheer child war victim. but also served to carry an expression of the good-will that is felt by the school children of America for their neighbors abroad. 14 PART II—COUNTRY BY COUNTRY The sections which follow give significant details of foreign war relief operations in each of the countries which have received assistance. Statistical information regarding these operations appears in the five tables which form the appendix of this report. It is especially significant that the operations de¬scribed in these sections had by June 30, 1941, brought assistance to an esti¬mated 15,000,000 people in distress as a result of war conditions. Great Britain American Red Cross relief to Great Britain began soon aftef the declara¬tion of war in September 1939. The first supplies were limited to medical and surgical supplies and equipment and to blankets and clothing to aid the civilian population evacuated from the large cities. It was not until the de¬structive air raids on thickly populated areas occurred in September 1940 that extensive relief needs developed. The Red Cross had, however, prepared for the emergency by the appointment in June 1940, of a committee composed of prominent Americans resident in England, with the American Ambassador serving as Honorary Chairman. Assisted by a small executive staff, the Com¬mittee has rendered valuable service in supplying current information, passing on requests for assistance, supervising American Red Cross operations, and maintaining contact with the British relief agencies and Governmental officials. Relief extended to Great Britain, amounting by July 1, 1941, to more than $25,000,000, by far exceeds that for any other country. Every request for help considered to be within the scope of American Red Cross activities has been promptly met. Ship after ship leaving America for England has carried Red Cross supplies and equipment. By August 26, 1941, relief supplies to the value of $20,779,000 have been shipped to Great Britain by the American Red Cross. Less than 4 per cent of the ships carrying these supplies have been lost at sea, and the value of the supplies lost is only 5y2 per cent of the value of the total shipped. Cash grants have been made to meet emergency needs which could not be adequately met by supplies from the United States. Funds were provided to establish 70 full-time war nurseries, four convalescent homes, and 200 day nurseries for war orphans, refugees, and evacuees under five years of age. Grants also made possible the purchase and operation of approximately 65 mobile canteens by which hot meals are being provided at the scenes of bomb¬ing to the bombed-out and the emergency workers. Relief operations have been conducted in Great Britain through the two principal voluntary relief organizations, the British Red Cross and the Women's Voluntary Services for Civilian Defense. All supplies shipped from this country have been carried without charge in British vessels and all cus¬toms duties have been waived. 15